Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Mir Hamid Salehian; Roya Hosseinzadeh Peyghan; Forough ShafaeianFard; Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad
Abstract
The effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor learning in individuals with ADHD received very little attention. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor performance and learning dart-throwing in adolescents with ADHD. ...
Read More
The effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor learning in individuals with ADHD received very little attention. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor performance and learning dart-throwing in adolescents with ADHD. The current research was based on a causal-comparative approach. The participants included 60 adolescents with ADHD (with the age range of 12 to 17 years) randomly and equally assigned into four groups: 1) motor imagery, 2) physical practice, 3) combination of motor imagery and physical practice, and 4) control. The motor task involved dart-throwing, in which the accurate throw score was measured as the dependent variable. The participants performed the pre-test (ten throws) and the retention test (ten throws). ANOVA was run to analyze the throwing accuracy. Results showed that all groups had similar throwing scores in the pretest, however, in the retention test, the results indicated that combination group had significantly better throwing scores than all other groups (in all groups, P=0.000). In addition, physical practice group had significantly better throwing scores than motor imagery and control groups (both P=0.000). Finally, motor imagery group had significantly better throwing scores than control group (P=0.000). Individuals with ADHD benefit from motor imagery, indicating that they have the necessary mechanisms to learn new skills through motor imagery. Moreover, a combination of motor imagery and physical practice would be a better strategy for learning new motor skills.
Research Article
Social Psychology
Ghazal Sadat Pournesaei; Maryam Rostami
Abstract
The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of social skills training on the adaptive behavior of late learning children. This research was quasi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research included all the students of ...
Read More
The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of social skills training on the adaptive behavior of late learning children. This research was quasi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research included all the students of Bandar Anzali city who studied in primary schools or referred to counseling centers of the city in the academic year of 1401-1400. For this purpose, 30 students who were diagnosed as late learners on the basis of the Wechsler IQ test and who had obtained a low score in Adaptive Behavior Scale (AISS) and clinical interviews with teachers, were selected and randomly selected. They were divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Then, social skills training was conducted for 2 months during 12 two-hour training sessions for the subjects of the experimental group and the control group did not receive any training. Then, the adaptive behavior test was performed again on both groups. The data were analyzed using the covariance statistical method. The results showed that social skills training improves the adaptive behavior of late learning children (F=0.389 and P<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that school teachers and counselors and parents can use social skills in schools and at home and counseling centers to improve the adaptation of late learning children.
Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Tayebeh Baniasadi
Abstract
The present study was designed to examine the effects of two kind of feedback presentation, namely KR and KP, on movement pattern and accuracy of a Badminton serve in children with autism. We used a causal-comparative method in the current study. Sixty children with autism with an age range of 7 to 12 ...
Read More
The present study was designed to examine the effects of two kind of feedback presentation, namely KR and KP, on movement pattern and accuracy of a Badminton serve in children with autism. We used a causal-comparative method in the current study. Sixty children with autism with an age range of 7 to 12 years from special schools were selected based on a convenience sampling method and were randomly and equally assigned into four groups including KR, KP, KR+KP, and control groups. The motor task in the present study included the badminton serve, in which the movement patter and accuracy were measured as the dependent variable. The children participated in the pretest including 10 services, acquisition phase (5 training blocks, each of which included 10 services), and the retention test with 10 services. Respective feedback was provided before each practice block. We used ANOVA to analyze data. The results showed that both KR and KP feedback improve both the pattern and the accuracy of movement better than the condition without feedback. In addition, KP had better effects on the movement pattern and KR had better effects on the movement accuracy. Finally, children who were in the combination group performed better than all the groups in both execution of the movement pattern and service accuracy. Children with autism benefit from feedback to learn novel motor skills, indicating that they may have the necessary mechanisms to learn new skills through feedback.
Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Mojtaba Moradpour; Fatemeh Hajiarbabi; Zahra Badiei
Abstract
: The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of filial therapy on the primary maladaptive schemas of children with cancer. The present research method is a semi-experimental one-subject A-B-A type. The sample subjects were three children with cancer in the age range of 8-13 years ...
Read More
: The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of filial therapy on the primary maladaptive schemas of children with cancer. The present research method is a semi-experimental one-subject A-B-A type. The sample subjects were three children with cancer in the age range of 8-13 years old along with their mothers who visited Dr. Sheikh Hospital in Mashhad and were selected by purposeful sampling. Subjects were individually treated for 8 sessions in the process of filial therapy (Landreth, 2006). Before and after the treatment, schema inventory for children (SIC) was implemented on the sample. The clinical results were compared before and after the intervention, and the obtained information was analyzed based on eye charts, effect size and recovery percentage. The results showed that this treatment is effective in improving the initial maladaptive schemas of children with cancer. The effect size was obtained for loneliness domain (3.57), misbehavior domain (6.81), defect domain (6.06), vulnerability domain (5.34) and stubborn standards domain (3.30). According to the results of this research, it can be said that filial therapy is effective on the primary maladaptive schemas of children with cancer and can be used clinically.
Research Article
Educational Psychology
Fatemeh Pouragha
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to compare religious orientation, happiness and identity crisis in adolescents living in welfare care centers and normal adolescents. This research was a type of causal-comparative research. The statistical population of the research included all adolescents living in ...
Read More
The purpose of this research was to compare religious orientation, happiness and identity crisis in adolescents living in welfare care centers and normal adolescents. This research was a type of causal-comparative research. The statistical population of the research included all adolescents living in welfare centers and normal adolescents in Rasht city. For this purpose, 37 teenagers living in welfare care centers and 38 ordinary teenagers were selected by convenience sampling method. The tools used in this research were religious orientation questionnaire, happiness scale (OHA) and identity crisis test. The obtained data were analyzed by independent t statistical methods to compare two groups. The results of independent t analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the total score of identity crisis, the total score of happiness, and religious orientation between two groups of children living in welfare care centers and normal children. Based on the findings, we can understand the importance of raising teenagers in a normal family to strengthen religious orientation and increase self-confidence and reduce identity crisis.
