Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Horieh Abbasmofrad
Abstract
Pregnancy is a very important period that sometimes comes with various complications such as anxiety during pregnancy. Therefore, timely and early identification of this anxiety can play an important role in the health of pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ...
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Pregnancy is a very important period that sometimes comes with various complications such as anxiety during pregnancy. Therefore, timely and early identification of this anxiety can play an important role in the health of pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional creativity and pregnancy anxiety in five to eight months pregnant women. The method of the current research was descriptive-correlation of the survey type. The research population consisted of 5-8 months pregnant women of Mazandaran province in 1401, who were selected by referring to health and treatment centers and using a targeted sampling method, in the number of 200 people. Then emotional creativity questionnaires(ECI) and pregnancy anxiety questionnaire(PRAQ) were implemented on them. After collecting the questionnaires, they were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and correlation statistical method. The statistical results showed that there is an inverse relationship between emotional apathy and pregnancy anxiety (r=-0.322, P<0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that emotional creativity predicts pregnancy anxiety to a good extent.
Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Seyyede Zahra Seyyedin
Abstract
Studies have shown that neuroticism is one of the personality traits associated with negative psychological consequences. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of schema therapy on reducing neuroticism. The current research is a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test ...
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Studies have shown that neuroticism is one of the personality traits associated with negative psychological consequences. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of schema therapy on reducing neuroticism. The current research is a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The research population was the patients referred to Shariati Hospital in Tehran in 2021, and 22 of them who had obtained a high score in the neuroticism subscale were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. Both groups completed the neuroticism subscale of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) in the pre-test and post-test phases. The experimental group was subjected to the schema therapy for 10 weekly sessions, but no intervention was performed on the experimental group during this period. The analysis of the collected data was done with analysis of covariance and SPSS-18 software. The obtained findings showed that schema therapy was able to significantly reduce the level of neuroticism in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). According to the findings, it can be concluded that schema therapy is effective in reducing neuroticism and can be used in treatment centers in this regard.
Research Article
Family Psychology
Fateme Rabiei
Abstract
Parents show different reactions when a child is born, especially when the child is born with a special problem or disability such as autism spectrum disorders. The present study was conducted with the aim of the impact of group immunization training in coping with stress on the quality of life of mothers ...
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Parents show different reactions when a child is born, especially when the child is born with a special problem or disability such as autism spectrum disorders. The present study was conducted with the aim of the impact of group immunization training in coping with stress on the quality of life of mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder. The current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder who had visited the temporary care center for children with autism spectrum disorder in Rasht city in 1400. First, using the purposeful sampling method, 40 mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Then both groups answered the quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and finally the experimental group received 6 sessions, 2 hours per week, immunization training in dealing with stress as a group and the control group received training. they did not After the sessions, the quality of life questionnaire was again administered to both groups. The obtained data were analyzed using statistical analysis of covariance at a significance level of 0.05. The obtained results showed. Immunization group training is effective in coping with stress on the quality of life of mothers with children with autism spectrum disorder.
Research Article
Personality Psychology
Amir Hosien Moradi; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Milad Sabzeara Langaroudi
Abstract
Objective: Critical thinking is considered a vital skill for life, especially for learning among students. The current research aims to determine a causal model of the relationship between parent-child interaction and the disposition towards critical thinking, with cognitive flexibility playing ...
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Objective: Critical thinking is considered a vital skill for life, especially for learning among students. The current research aims to determine a causal model of the relationship between parent-child interaction and the disposition towards critical thinking, with cognitive flexibility playing an intermediary role.Method: The design of this research was descriptive-correlational, utilizing structural equation modeling. The study population included male and female middle school students from Lahijan city during the 2023-2024 academic year. A sample of 200 students was selected through convenience sampling. For data collection in this research, the Parent-Child Relationship Scale (PCRS), The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI), and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI) were used. The data were then analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test and structural equation modeling, with the help of SPSS 26 and LISREL 10.2 software.Results: The findings of the research indicated that the proposed model has a good fit. Additionally, parent-child interaction and cognitive flexibility have a direct effect on the disposition towards critical thinking (P > 0.05). Parent-child interaction has a significant and positive indirect effect on the disposition towards critical thinking through cognitive flexibility (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that parent-child interaction and cognitive flexibility can predict critical thinking skills in students. School authorities and parents should pay special attention to these variables.
Research Article
Social Psychology
Godswill Alhassan Moses
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the effect of cognitive restructuring in reducing cognitive dimensions of ethnic intolerance among adolescents in Taraba State.
Methods: The population of this study was 1,514 secondary school students of SS1 in Wukari Education Zone, Taraba State, Nigeria. The researchers ...
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Objective: This study investigated the effect of cognitive restructuring in reducing cognitive dimensions of ethnic intolerance among adolescents in Taraba State.
Methods: The population of this study was 1,514 secondary school students of SS1 in Wukari Education Zone, Taraba State, Nigeria. The researchers utilized purposive sampling technique in drawing a sample of 20 adolescents which were used as subjects of the study. The instrument used for data collection was the Ethnic Intolerance Questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.83. The data collected were analyzed using paired samples t-test to test hypothesis 1 and independent samples t-test for testing hypothesis 2.
Results: The findings revealed that cognitive restructuring was effective in reducing cognitive dimensions of ethnic intolerance. Similarly, the findings revealed that rational emotive behaviour therapy has no significant gender difference in reducing cognitive dimensions of ethnic intolerance.
Conclusion: The study concluded that cognitive restructuring is an effective intervention for reducing cognitive dimensions of ethnic intolerance among adolescents.
Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Hassan Shafaei; Niloofar Rezaei; Tina Soltanahmadi; Simin Elmi
Abstract
Objective: Despite numerous studies on the influence of regular engagement in physical activity and sports on mental health and quality of life across various demographics, there has been limited focus on its impact within the nursing profession. As a result, this study seeks to explore the effects of ...
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Objective: Despite numerous studies on the influence of regular engagement in physical activity and sports on mental health and quality of life across various demographics, there has been limited focus on its impact within the nursing profession. As a result, this study seeks to explore the effects of sports and physical activity participation on the mental health and quality of life of nurses.
Methods: The current study utilized a descriptive correlational design and was conducted in a cross-sectional manner. The target population consisted of all nurses employed in the hospitals of Tehran. The research sample was selected using an available sampling method, specifically among nurses who expressed their willingness to participate in the study. A total of 384 male and female nurses took part in the research and successfully completed the provided questionnaires. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and the structural equation modeling were used for data analysis.
Results: Results reveled that physical activity significantly affected depression (T= - 5.254), anxiety (T= - 6.471) and stress (T= - 4.527). In addition, physical activity significantly affected quality of life (T=3.627). Results of model fit are presented in Table 3 and indicated that the research model has good fit.
Conclusion: This implies that nurses could greatly enhance their well-being through increased engagement in physical activity and a decrease in sedentary habits. As a result, we strongly urge healthcare policymakers to implement measures aimed at increasing physical activity levels among nurses.
Research Article
Personality Psychology
Tina Soltanahmadi; Hassan Shafaei; Niloofar Rezaei; Tayebeh Khayatan
Abstract
Objective: This research demonstrates that the practice of mindfulness training led to a notable decrease in occupational stress and an improvement in the overall quality of life for professionals working in operating rooms. Methods: The method of the present research was practical in nature ...
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Objective: This research demonstrates that the practice of mindfulness training led to a notable decrease in occupational stress and an improvement in the overall quality of life for professionals working in operating rooms. Methods: The method of the present research was practical in nature and quasi-experimental in the form of pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all operating room experts in Tehran hospitals. 50 people from this community were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental (25 people) and control (25 people) groups. Data was collected using standard questionnaires. T tests and ANCOVA were used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference in both occupational stress and quality of life in the pretest (both P>0.05). However, it was observed that experimental group had significantly lower occupational stress and higher quality of life compared to control group in the posttest (both P=0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed significant differences between experimental and control groups in both occupational stress and quality of life (both P=0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that mindfulness can play a crucial role in managing work-related stress among operating room experts. Consequently, by actively participating in mindfulness activities, it is plausible to create more favorable circumstances for professionals working in operating rooms in terms of their quality of life.
Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Hassan Shafaei
Abstract
Objective: Identifying factors that can positively influence the mental health and resilience of healthcare workers is crucial. As such, this research aims to explore the impact of aerobic exercise on depression and resilience among healthcare workers. Methods: This study was conducted as an ...
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Objective: Identifying factors that can positively influence the mental health and resilience of healthcare workers is crucial. As such, this research aims to explore the impact of aerobic exercise on depression and resilience among healthcare workers. Methods: This study was conducted as an experiment, focusing on healthcare workers employed in hospitals in Tehran. A sample of 64 health care workers was selected using a convenience sampling method. These individuals were then randomly divided into two control groups (32 people each) and one experimental group (32 people). Data was collected using standard questionnaires. T tests and ANCOVA were used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference in both depression and resilience in the pretest (both P>0.05). However, it was observed that experimental group had significantly lower depression and higher resilience compared to control group in the posttest (both P=0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed significant differences between experimental and control groups in both depression and resilience (both P=0.001).Conclusion: These results suggest that physical activity and sport can be considered as an important factor in coping with severe job-related conditions in healthcare workers. Therefore, by increasing physical activity and sport, better conditions can be created for healthcare workers to ensure their mental health.
Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Hassan Shafaei
Abstract
Objective: Cognitive-behavioral therapy effectively helps patients overcome a wide variety of maladaptive behaviors such as anxiety. The aim of the present study was to further examine this issue by exploring the effects of a cognitive-behavioral therapy on academic anxiety of children with learning ...
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Objective: Cognitive-behavioral therapy effectively helps patients overcome a wide variety of maladaptive behaviors such as anxiety. The aim of the present study was to further examine this issue by exploring the effects of a cognitive-behavioral therapy on academic anxiety of children with learning disorders.
Methods: The quasi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included 32 children (9-13 years) with academic anxiety (mild, moderate and severe) who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The School Anxiety Scale was used to measure academic anxiety. The behavioral-cognitive therapy program was implemented for 12 sessions, 3 sessions of 45 minutes each week for the experimental group. After the intervention, all participants participated in posttest. Paired sample t test, independent t test, and analysis of covariance were used to analyze data.
Results: The average of academic anxiety before the intervention in the experimental and control groups was 23.94±2.18 and 22.87±3.64, respectively, and the independent t-test did not show a significant difference (P=0.39). The average of the groups shows that the academic anxiety scores of the experimental group have decreased compared to the pre-test scores (t=16.58, P<0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed that a cognitive-behavioral therapy has led to a reduction in academic anxiety (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Reconstructing children’s thoughts and beliefs helps them to identify their wrong thoughts about the exam and gradually replace them with correct beliefs and thoughts. s.
Research Article
Personality Psychology
Niloofar Rezaei; Hassan Shafaei
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of innovative organizational climate on the job performance of private sector employees, taking into account the mediating role of job motivation and self-efficacy.
Methods: A descriptive-correlation approach was employed in the current ...
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Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of innovative organizational climate on the job performance of private sector employees, taking into account the mediating role of job motivation and self-efficacy.
Methods: A descriptive-correlation approach was employed in the current investigation, utilizing structural equation modeling. The study consisted of 384 employees from the private sector, aged between 21 and 49 years (with a mean age of 35.11±8.17 years), who willingly participated. The research was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in the year 2023. The participants were selected through a convenience sampling method, adhering to the guidelines outlined by Krejci & Morgan. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and the structural equation modeling were used for data analysis.
Results: Results reveled that innovative organizational climate significantly affected job performance (T=6.284). Moreover, innovative organizational climate significantly affected job motivation (T=11.594). Furthermore, innovative organizational climate significantly affected self-efficacy (T=9.509). In addition, job motivation has significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001). Finally, self-efficacy has significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that market holders focus on promoting and enhancing the factors and components that contribute to the innovative organizational climate of private sector employees. Additionally, greater emphasis should be placed on job motivation and self-efficacy of the private sector employees.
Research Article
Abnormal Psychology
Mohammadbagher Askarnia; Simin Elmi; Hassan Shafaei; Tina Soltanahmadi
Abstract
Objective: It is crucial to prioritize the enhancement of teachers' mental health within the education system. As a result, this study aims to examine the impact of a Pilates training course on the psychological and mental well-being of school teachers, encompassing aspects such as depression and ...
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Objective: It is crucial to prioritize the enhancement of teachers' mental health within the education system. As a result, this study aims to examine the impact of a Pilates training course on the psychological and mental well-being of school teachers, encompassing aspects such as depression and self-esteem.
Methods: The research was carried out using a semi-experimental approach. The study involved 60 elementary school teachers who were chosen through convenience sampling and then randomly and equally divided into two groups - experimental and control. Data was collected using standard questionnaires. T tests and ANCOVA were used to analyze data.
Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference in both depression and self-esteem in the pretest (both P>0.05). However, it was observed that experimental group had significantly lower depression and higher self-esteem compared to control group in the posttest (both P=0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed significant differences between experimental and control groups in both depression and self-esteem (both P=0.001).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that it is possible to recommend Pilates exercise and movement activities as a way to improve mental health, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, efficiency, positive mood and reduce mental and emotional tensions in school teachers.
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