Objective: This scoping review maps the current status of critical psychology within the Iranian context and identifies gaps and priorities for future research. Critical psychology challenges mainstream psychology’s focus on the individual. It conceptualizes psychological suffering as a structural and context-dependent phenomenon—shaped by power and inequality—rather than solely by biological or intrapsychic factors. Methods: The review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and the PRISMA-ScR framework. A systematic search was performed in three parallel phases covering international databases, Persian-language databases, and non-article sources, guided by the Population–Concept–Context (PCC) framework. Data were synthesized using a narrative-thematic approach. Results: Of the initial sources retrieved, 19 eligible sources met the inclusion criteria (5 domestic and 14 produced by the Iranian academic diaspora). These documents included peer-reviewed articles, books, book chapters, dissertations, and theoretical-analytical papers. Notably, none of the eligible sources employed participatory empirical fieldwork. At the broader ecosystem level, 12 documented instances of critical psychology were identified, circulating through book authorship and translation, institutional events and independent academic platforms. These findings indicate that critical psychology in Iran operates as a multi-channel ecosystem in which a digital academic diaspora plays a significant role in the circulation of knowledge within the Iranian context. Conclusion: Critical psychology in Iran is currently transitioning from the margins toward formal academic recognition, yet it remains predominantly at the stage of theoretical conceptualization. Further development of the field requires participatory empirical research, conceptual clarification, interdisciplinary networking, and the design of culturally and socially contextualized interventions.