Journal of Modern Psychology

Journal of Modern Psychology

The effect of Immunization Group Training in Dealing with Stress on the Quality of Life of Mothers with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Document Type : Research Article

Author
Ph. D. Candidate in Psychology, Islami Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz, Iran
Abstract
 
Objective: Parents often exhibit diverse reactions to the birth of their child, particularly when the child is born with a specific issue or disability, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of group-based Stress Immunization Training and its subsequent impact on the Quality of Life of mothers with children diagnosed with ASD.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-test-post-test control group design. The participants were mothers of children with ASD who had sought services at a temporary care center for children with Autism Spectrum in Rasht in the year 2021. Initially, forty mothers were selected through purposive sampling and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups completed the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life questionnaire. The experimental group then underwent 6 sessions of Stress Immunization Training (two hours per week), while the control group received nothing. Upon completion of the sessions, the Quality of Life questionnaire was administered again to both groups. The collected data were analyzed using covariance statistical analysis with a significance level set at 0.05.
Results: The findings indicated that group-based Stress Immunization Training significantly improved the Quality of Life in mothers of children with ASD.
Conclusion: Therefore, this treatment can be used by counselors and psychologists to increase the quality of life of the mothers of children with ASD.
Keywords

Subjects


Anjomani, M., Taklavi, S. (2019). The Role of Attachment to God and Emotional Maturation in Prediction of Self Compassion of Deaf Children’s Mothers. Journal of Health and Care, 10;21(2), 117-25. https://doi.org/10.29252/jhc.21.2.117
Ashori, M., Jalil Abkenar., S.S. (2019).  The effectiveness of mental immunization program on social competency of individuals with cerebral palsy. Journal of Exceptional Children;18(3). 29-38. http://rehabilitationj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2014-en.html
Delavar, A. (2022). Research in psychology educational sciences. Roshd.
Ghaderi, S., Vatankhah, H., & Gholami Heydarabadi, Z. (2020). The Effectiveness of Psychological Immunization Program on Depression, Anxiety and Stress Reactions in Mothers of Children with Behavioral Disorder. Family and Health, 9(4), 138-149. https://journal.astara.ir/article_249436.html?lang=en
Ghanimi, F., Dadkhah, A., Danesh, E., & Taghiloo, S. (2019). Comparative study of the effectiveness of stress management and social support perception training based on the cognitive-behavioral manner on Quality of Life of Mothers of children with Autism spectrum disorder. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals, 9(35), 73-99. https://doi.org/10.22054/jpe.2020.47587.2062
Hosseini., S. M., Farahbakhsh., K., and Abedi., A. (2011). Investigating the impact of stress coping skills training on the mental health and psychological well-being of mothers of autistic children in Isfahan. The third national counseling conference.
Hsiao, Y. J. (2016). Pathways to mental health-related quality of life for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: Roles of parental stress, children’s performance, medical support, and neighbor support. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 23, 122-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2015.10.008
Haglund, N., Dahlgren, S., Källén, K., Gustafsson, P., Råstam, M. (2016). The observation scale for autism (OSA): a new screening method to detect autism spectrum disorder before age three years. Journal of Intellectual Disability-Diagnosis and Treatment; 3(4), 230 -237. http://www.lifescienceglobal.com/pms/index.php/jiddt/article/view/3530/2068
Kang, Y.S., Choi, S.Y., Ryu, E. (2009). The effectiveness of the Psychological Immunization Program on the stress, anxiety, and depression experienced by nursing students in Korea. Nurse Education Today. 29, 538-543.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2008.12.003
Kheir, N. M., Ghoneim, O. M., Sandridge, A. L., Hayder, S. A., Al–Ismail, M. S., Al–Rawi, F. (2012). Concerns and considerations among caregivers of a child with autism in Qatar. BMC Res Notes, 5, 290 -299. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-290
Kim, I., Ekas, N. V., & Hock, R. (2016). Associations between child behavior problems, family management, and depressive symptoms for mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 26, 80-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.03.009
Meichenbaum, D. (1996). Stress inoculation training for coping with stress, The clinical psychologist, 49; 4-7.
Meichenbaum, D. (2003). Treatment of individuals with anger-control problems and aggressive behaviors. New York: Crown House Publishing.
Meichenbaum D. (1985). Stress Inoculation Training. New York: Pergamon;
Moazedi, K., Porzoor, P., Pirani, Z., Adl, H., Ahmadi, H. (2019). The effectiveness of Islamic teaching based religious -spiritual psychotherapy on quality of life, in infertile women. Journal of Health, 9(5), 589 -598. https://healthjournal.arums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_id=1697&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Mugno, D., Ruta, L., D'Arrigo, VG., Mazzone, L. (2007). Impairment of quality of life in parents of children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorder. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 5(22), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-5-22
Nayar, K., Sealock, JM., Maltman, N., Bush, L., Cook, E.H., Davis, L.K., Losh, M. (2021). Elevated polygenic burden for autism spectrum disorder is associated with the broad autism phenotype in mothers of individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Biological psychiatry. 1, 89(5), 476-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.08.029
Nejat, S., Montazeri, A., Holakouie Naieni, K., Mohammad, K., Majdzadeh, S. (2006). The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire: Translation and validation study of the Iranian version. Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, 4 (4), 1-12.  http://sjsph.tums.ac.ir/article-1-187-en.html
Purnamaningsih, E.H. (2017). Inoculation training on Personality and emotion regulation strategies. International Journal of Psychological Research, 10(1), 53-60 https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2040
Rezayi., S. (2016).  A Comparative Study Of The Mothers’ Life Quality Of Children With Visual Impairment, Hearing And Autism. Woman Cultural Psychology. 32(8), 63-71. https://sanad.iau.ir/en/Journal/jwc/Article/919747
Shaham, N., Kazemian Moghadam, K., Haroon Rshidi, H. (2021). The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Parental Stress and Psychological Hardiness of Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Exceptional Education, 3(163), 92-92. http://exceptionaleducation.ir/article-1-2227-en.html
Sohrabi, F., Dārini, M., & Dāvūdi, H. (2011). Effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training on Reduction of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Working Women. Clinical Psychology Studies, 2(5), 28-49 https://jcps.atu.ac.ir/article_2081.html
World Health Organization. (1996). WHOQOL-BREF: introduction, administration, scoring, and generic version of the assessment: field trial version. (No. WHOQOL-BREF). Geneva: World Health Organization.
Zablotsky, B., Anderson, C., & Law, P. (2013). The association between child autism symptomatology, maternal quality of life, and risk for depression. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(8), 1946-1955. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1745-z
Zamani, P., Khoramshahi, H., Khosravi, N., Hesam, S. (2022). Comparison of quality of life, anxiety, and satisfaction with rehabilitation services among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders and those without autistic children in Ahvaz-Iran. Medical Journal of Tabriz Uni Medical Sciences, 44(5), 438-448. https://mj.tbzmed.ac.ir/Article/mj-30955

  • Receive Date 21 February 2024
  • Revise Date 13 March 2024
  • Accept Date 14 March 2024