Clinical Psychology
Atefeh Zarastvand; Raheleh Firouzi; Maryam Aghel Masjedi
Abstract
An intellectually disabled child has some negative effects on parents' mental health. Social Perspective-taking is one of the variables that affects mothers of intellectually disabled children. The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy and spiritual therapy ...
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An intellectually disabled child has some negative effects on parents' mental health. Social Perspective-taking is one of the variables that affects mothers of intellectually disabled children. The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy and spiritual therapy on the social perspective-taking of mothers with the intellectually disabled children. This was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all mothers with intellectually disabled students in Tehran 14th district, selected by simple random sampling and divided into three Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy (n = 10), Spirituality Therapy (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. The data collection tool was Social Perspective-Taking Scale. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS-24 statistical software. Analyzing the data showed that both methods of Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy and spiritual therapy, affect the social Perspective-taking of mothers with intellectually disabled children. In addition, the results of comparing the two methods showed that spirituality therapy is more effective than Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy on the social Perspective-taking of mothers with intellectually disabled children. Regarding the effectiveness of Brief Self-Regulation Couple Therapy, both methods can be used to improve Mothers' social Perspective-taking with intellectually disabled children.
Clinical Psychology
Erfaneh Zibaee Vishkaee; Taher Tizdast
Abstract
Based on research evidence, parenting styles and cognitive factors in mothers may be effective in shaping and exacerbating children's social anxiety. The aim of the present study is to determine the social anxiety of schoolgirls based on parenting styles and cognitive flexibility of their mothers. For ...
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Based on research evidence, parenting styles and cognitive factors in mothers may be effective in shaping and exacerbating children's social anxiety. The aim of the present study is to determine the social anxiety of schoolgirls based on parenting styles and cognitive flexibility of their mothers. For this descriptive study, a correlational design is used. The participants of the study include all students in sixth grade elementary school and their mothers in the city of Khomem in the academic year of 2019-2020. The number of participants is 200 sixth grade elementary school students selected based on convenience sampling. Liebowitz Children and Adolescents Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS-CA), Baumrind Parenting Styles Scale and Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) are employed to collect data. The statistical data are analyzed based on Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results of multiple regression analysis reveal that parenting styles and cognitive flexibility predict 64.1% of the variance of students' social anxiety. These findings suggest that parenting styles and cognitive flexibility play a crucial role in the pathology and prevention of students' social anxiety.
Children with Special Needs (CWSN)
Tayebeh Baniasadi; Pouya Biyabani; Fatemeh Karimi Asl; Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of autonomy support (i.e., in the form of self-controlled feedback) on learning and self-efficacy in a throwing skill in adolescents with ADHD. The subjects were 40 adolescents with ADHD (14 to 17 years old) and were randomly and equally divided into ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of autonomy support (i.e., in the form of self-controlled feedback) on learning and self-efficacy in a throwing skill in adolescents with ADHD. The subjects were 40 adolescents with ADHD (14 to 17 years old) and were randomly and equally divided into two groups: self-controlled and yoked. Motor task consisted of throwing bean bags with the non-dominant arm at a target on the ground. The participants completed the pretest (10 trials), an acquisition phase including 6 blocks of 10 trials, and a retention test consisting of 10 trials. The participants in the self-controlled group received knowledge of result (KR) anytime the requested. The yoked group was matched with self-controlled group, but without having a choice to request for feedback. Prior to pretest, each block, and before the retention test, all participants completed the self-efficacy scale. Dependent measures were throwing accuracy scores and self-efficacy. Independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were used to analyze the data. The results showed that participants in the self-controlled group had significantly higher throwing accuracy scores in the acquisition phase and the retention test than those in yoked group. Moreover, participants in the self-controlled group reported significantly higher self-efficacy scores in the acquisition phase and the retention test than those in yoked group. The results of this study show that people with ADHD benefit from autonomy support to learn a novel motor skill.
Children with Special Needs (CWSN)
Tayebeh Baniasadi; Pouya Biyabani; Fatemeh Karimi Asl; Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of positive social-comparative feedback on motor learning and self-efficacy of a throwing motor skill in individuals with ADHD. The subjects were 44 adolescents with ADHD in the age range of 15 to 18 years old and were randomly and equally divided ...
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The present study was designed to investigate the effects of positive social-comparative feedback on motor learning and self-efficacy of a throwing motor skill in individuals with ADHD. The subjects were 44 adolescents with ADHD in the age range of 15 to 18 years old and were randomly and equally divided into two groups: positive social-comparative feedback and control group. Motor task consisted of throwing bean bags with the non-dominant arm at a target on the ground. The participants completed the pretest (10 trials), an acquisition phase including 6 blocks of 10 trials, and a retention test consisting of 10 trials. The participants in the positive social comparison feedback group were informed that their throws on the previous block were, on average, better than the throws of the other participants in this group. Prior to pretest, each block, and before the retention test, all participants completed the self-efficacy scale. Dependent measures were throwing accuracy scores and self-efficacy. Independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were employed to analyze the data. Positive social comparison feedback group throwed the bean bags significantly better in the acquisition phase and the retention test compared to the control group. In addition, positive social comparison feedback group reported significantly higher self-efficacy scores in the acquisition phase and the retention test in comparison to the control group. Our findings indicated that enhanced expectancies benefited individuals with ADHD to enhance their performance and learn a novel motor skill
General Psychology
kiana Sabet Dizkuhi; Seyed Mousa Kafie Masooleh
Abstract
One of the common problems among university students is self-harm behavior which has many negative consequences for the people involved and the society. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of occurrence of self-harm behavior in university students. The participants of this descriptive ...
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One of the common problems among university students is self-harm behavior which has many negative consequences for the people involved and the society. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of occurrence of self-harm behavior in university students. The participants of this descriptive study include the entire undergraduate students of the University of Guilan in the academic year 2019-20. A total of 508 students (368 females and 140 males) are selected based on Convenience Sampling. For data collection, the Self-harm Inventory Questionnaire (SHI) is employed; moreover, descriptive statistics as well as Chi-square test are used. According to the findings, 17.8% of students have self-harm behavior. The results of Chi-square test reveal that there is no significant difference between male and female students in terms of the frequency of occurrence of direct, indirect and general self-harm behavior (P> 0.01). Burning the body, recklessness in driving, alcohol abuse and deliberate loss of job in male students and being involved in relationships that expose one to sexual abuse and deliberate self-starvation are more common in female students (p< 0.01). Also, local and non-local university students and different age groups of students show significant different behavior in terms of direct and indirect self-harm (P<0.01). Based on the findings, it can be stated that self-harm is relatively common behavior among university students. As a result, these people need to be identified and treated in a timely manner to reduce the negative consequences of this kind of behavior.
Personality Psychology
Yadola Zargar; Fatemeh Sarami
Abstract
The present study, as an interdisciplinary research between sociology and psychology, aimed to construct a scale for socio-political perfectionism and compare perfectionism among the 18 to 35-year-old Iranian students living in Iran (155 persons) and those residing Germany and Canada (105 persons). Regarding ...
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The present study, as an interdisciplinary research between sociology and psychology, aimed to construct a scale for socio-political perfectionism and compare perfectionism among the 18 to 35-year-old Iranian students living in Iran (155 persons) and those residing Germany and Canada (105 persons). Regarding this, the sample (360 persons) was selected through convenience sampling and data were collected online using Google Drive. Additionally, positive and negative perfectionism scale and attitude measurement question about the severity of social issues, as well as the scale of socio-political perfectionism, were used as the instruments. The scale related to socio-political perfectionism was obtained by using the factor analysis having a 12-item factor, and applied in the present study for the first time. The validity and reliability of the scale were determined as optimum. The results were explained by psychological and sociological researches and theories by representing the effectiveness of cultural differences in the socio-political perfectionism.
Personality Psychology
Hassan Soleimani Rad; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
The spread of the selfie phenomenon and sending it to virtual social networks can be due to various causes and contexts, including psychological and personality factors. There is limited and conflicting research evidence in this area that requires further research. Therefore, this study aims to investigate ...
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The spread of the selfie phenomenon and sending it to virtual social networks can be due to various causes and contexts, including psychological and personality factors. There is limited and conflicting research evidence in this area that requires further research. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of psychological needs and dark triad traits of personality in selfie-taking behavior. The present study is a causal-comparative study. A total of 300 students (in the age range of 18 to 30 years) are selected by cluster sampling from the faculties of Guilan University. They responded to a researcher-made selfie checklist, the General Health Questionnaire, the Maslow's Needs Questionnaire, and the dark triad traits Scale. Finally, data from 202 participants (103 female students) are analyzed. The multivariate analysis of variance reveals that the two groups of selfie-taker and non-selfie-taker are significantly different in psychological needs, including safety, belonging, and esteem and personality traits, including narcissism and Machiavellianism. It seems that the needs of unsatisfied safety, belonging, and esteem and the traits of narcissism and Machiavellianism can justify the phenomenon of taking selfies and sending them on virtual social networks
Health Psychology
Azar Kiamarsi; Zahra Sohrabi
Abstract
Premenstrual syndrome is one of the commonest disorders among women with premenstrual period. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of anger and fatigue with family functions among women with premenstrual syndrome. The research sample consisted of 120 women who were selected ...
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Premenstrual syndrome is one of the commonest disorders among women with premenstrual period. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of anger and fatigue with family functions among women with premenstrual syndrome. The research sample consisted of 120 women who were selected among women with premenstrual syndrome in Ardabil, Iran. To collect the data, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, Fatigue Scale, Family Assessment Scale, and Daily Symptom Rating Form were used. The results showed that anger and fatigue are significantly related to family functions in women. The results of multiple regression showed that anger and fatigue explained 42 percent of variance family functions of women. Also results support the role of anger and fatigue on family functions. The results have important implications about prevention and counseling in women with premenstrual syndrome. The findings indicate that clinicians should use psychological trainings to cope with the consequences and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Health Psychology
Tayebeh Khayatan; SeyedTeymur SeyediAsl; Amir Nazari Anamagh; Hossein Sadeghi Mollamahaleh; Hamed Minaee; Alireza Nazari Anamagh
Abstract
The mobile phone by its entering to human’ life, has caused extensive changes, but sometimes cause problems as well. It seems that people who use the mobile phone in a problematic way are vulnerable to psychological damage. According to existing research, the purpose of this study was to compare ...
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The mobile phone by its entering to human’ life, has caused extensive changes, but sometimes cause problems as well. It seems that people who use the mobile phone in a problematic way are vulnerable to psychological damage. According to existing research, the purpose of this study was to compare the general health of students with problematic use of mobile phones and normal users. In this cross-sectional study, the study population was all students of Ardebil universities in 2013, out of which 116 were recruited using convenience sampling method. For collecting data, the Cell-Phone Over-Use Scale (COS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software.There was a positive and significant relationship between problematic use of mobile phones and general health (p<0.01). Also, there was a significant difference between two groups of problematic users and normal users of mobile phones in terms of general health (p<0.01). According to the results, students with problematic use of mobile phones have a lower general health level. Therefore, interventions to improve their health and reduce their problematic use of mobile phones should be considered.
Health Psychology
Somayeh Mirzaian
Abstract
The pattern of change in HIV from fatal diseases to chronic diseases due to improvement of treatment made a new challenge for diagnosis and care for the needs of people who live with HIV. This study reviews the role of health hardiness and anxiety on the immune system and quality of life in HIV patients. ...
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The pattern of change in HIV from fatal diseases to chronic diseases due to improvement of treatment made a new challenge for diagnosis and care for the needs of people who live with HIV. This study reviews the role of health hardiness and anxiety on the immune system and quality of life in HIV patients. 125 men with HIV infected through injection participated in this study. They were asked to complete the revised health hardiness inventory, Spielberg state-trait anxiety inventory, and WHOQOL-brief. Data from four times of cd4 experiment with three-month intervals was obtained from the dossier. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation, dependent t-test, multiple regression, and logistic regression. Results of this study show no statistically significant relationship between health hardiness, anxiety, and the immune system. The regression analysis indicates that the total score of quality of life with health hardiness and anxiety was statistically significant (0.0001). Subscales of perceived health (β=0.302), state anxiety (β=-0.305) and trait anxiety (β=-0.449) in equation relative to prediction quality of life were statistically significant (0.0001). Health hardiness and anxiety are not associated with a lowered immune system. The patients with higher anxiety had lower quality of life and those with higher health hardiness had higher quality of life
Health Psychology
Soolmaz Dehghani Dowlatabadi
Abstract
Women's mental health can overshadow theirs other responsibilities; therefore, examining the role of influential factors in mental health has been considered a matter of importance. The present study aimed to investigate the role of emotional components of quality of life in predicting the mental health ...
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Women's mental health can overshadow theirs other responsibilities; therefore, examining the role of influential factors in mental health has been considered a matter of importance. The present study aimed to investigate the role of emotional components of quality of life in predicting the mental health of married women. This study was descriptive-correlational. In this regard, 240 individuals from the married women community of Shiraz were purposefully selected and surveyed in cyberspace using the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire – 28 (GHQ-28). To analyze the data, multiple regression analysis (enter model) was employed. Data analysis revealed that emotional components of quality of life have a significant relationship with mental health (p< 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that the components of energy/fatigue, emotional well-being, and social functioning play a positive role in predicting the mental health of married women; moreover, the component of role dysfunction plays a negative part due to lack of emotional health. According to the findings of the present study, it could be concluded that the emotional well-being, happiness, and vitality of married women can play an important role in their mental health.
General Psychology
Arefeh Hamideh Moghadam; Zeinab Sharifipour Chokami; Khazar Tajbakhsh
Abstract
This study investigated the comparison of cognitive failures, emotional processing and resilience among the girl students with and without test anxiety. The present research is a causal-comparative study. The sample of study was 203 students studying tenth and eleventh grade in Rasht in 2019. 92 students ...
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This study investigated the comparison of cognitive failures, emotional processing and resilience among the girl students with and without test anxiety. The present research is a causal-comparative study. The sample of study was 203 students studying tenth and eleventh grade in Rasht in 2019. 92 students of this sample were with test anxiety and 111 students of it were without test anxiety. The sample of study has been identified and selected from students by cluster sampling with the cutoff point of 50. The students completed Spielberger Test Anxiety Questionnaire, Baker’s Emotional Processing Scale and Connor-Davidson Psychological Resilience Scale. The data was analyzed by multivariable analysis of variance. Results showed that the students with test anxiety have higher scores in cognitive failures, also they have higher scores in emotional processing and lower scores in resilience than students without test anxiety. These results show that cognitive failures, emotional processing and resilience have determinant role in test anxiety.
General Psychology
Zahra Sadeghnia Salakgani; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Fatemeh Ashournejad
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between online game addiction and self-efficacy, creativity and social skills. The statistical population included all female high school students in Rudsar who were studying in 2020-2021. From this community, 150 people were selected by convenience ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between online game addiction and self-efficacy, creativity and social skills. The statistical population included all female high school students in Rudsar who were studying in 2020-2021. From this community, 150 people were selected by convenience sampling method. Data collection tools included the Online Game Addiction Questionnaire, Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, the Creativity Questionnaire, and the Social Skills Questionnaire. In this study, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression and SPSS-22 software were used for data analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the components of online game addiction (academic and occupational performance problems and social and mood problems) were able to achieve 48.8% of the variance of self-efficacy, 43.3% of the variance of creativity and 27.4% of the variance of skills Predict students' social (p˂0.05). Therefore, the results of this study show the importance of paying attention to online game addiction in students and its prevention can be associated with positive psychological variables.
Clinical Psychology
Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Mohammad Narimani; Niloofar Mikaeili; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on improving symptoms and increasing quality of life among the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in interacting with OCD Family History: This is a quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on improving symptoms and increasing quality of life among the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in interacting with OCD Family History: This is a quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest study with control and follow-up groups. The study population entirely consisted of over-18-years of age OCD patients referred to private consultation centers, and rural and urban healthcare centers in Rasht city during2014. The sample selected through purposive sampling consisted of 60 OCD patients who were randomly included in two experimental(ACT with and without OCD Family History) and two control (control with and without OCD Family History) groups. The experimental groups received eight ACT 45-minute sessions of Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was used to determine the severity of OCD. In addition, the brief version of WHO Quality of Life Scale was used to measure life quality and the clinical interview was used to investigate OCD family history. Multivariate analysis of variance test with repeated measures was used to examine the differences in pretest-posttest and follow-up scores. The results show that ACT caused a significant decrease in OCD symptoms and a significant increase in patients' quality of life while OCD family history had no impact on the effectiveness of ACT. Therefore, all patients can benefit from this therapy regardless of their OCD Family History.
Clinical Psychology
Hossein Nazari Moghadam; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Fatemeh Ashournejad
Abstract
People with gender dysphoria experience some mental health problems, such as anxiety and depression. The present study aimed to compare body image and depressive symptoms in people with gender dysphoria and the non-affected. This research was applied in terms of purpose and casual-comparative in terms ...
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People with gender dysphoria experience some mental health problems, such as anxiety and depression. The present study aimed to compare body image and depressive symptoms in people with gender dysphoria and the non-affected. This research was applied in terms of purpose and casual-comparative in terms of methodology. The statistical population of the study included two groups of people with gender dysphoria approved by the Iranian legal medicine organization in 1400 and non-affected people with gender dysphoria. For sampling, 30 people from both groups (15 males and 15 females) were selected by the convenience sampling method. A Multidimensional Body–Self Relations Questionnaire (BSRQ) and The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were employed to gather research data. Data analysis was performed by Independent Sample T-Test using SPSS-20 software. The findings of the study indicated that the mean scores of body image (P˂0.01) and depressive symptoms (P˂0.05) were significantly different in people with gender dysphoria and the non-affected people. People with gender dysphoria had a more negative body image and more depressive symptoms than non-affected people.
Health Psychology
Taghi Akbari; Soraiya Ahadi Sagavaz
Abstract
Psychological well-being, meaning cognitive and emotional evaluations of one's life, which is one of the components of positive psychology, is of particular importance in students' behavior today. Therefore, recognizing the factors affecting it plays a crucial role in enhancing students 'psychological ...
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Psychological well-being, meaning cognitive and emotional evaluations of one's life, which is one of the components of positive psychology, is of particular importance in students' behavior today. Therefore, recognizing the factors affecting it plays a crucial role in enhancing students 'psychological well-being. The present study aims at predicting students' psychological well-being based on the components of spiritual intelligence and a sense of coherence. The present study is applied as well as descriptive/correlational research in terms of purpose and in terms of the nature and method respectively. Based on the Morgan Table, a sample of 248 of Bilesavar Moghan Azad University students in the academic year 2019-2020 is randomly selected. Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) and Psychological Well-being Questionnaire are employed for data collection. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression are used for analysis data. The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between spiritual intelligence as well as sense of coherence and students' psychological well-being; this means that whenever spiritual intelligence as well as sense of coherence increase, there is also improvement in psychological well-being. Spiritual intelligence can be a good predictor of psychological well-being and mental health. The spiritual tendency in life prevents a person from doing wrong and showing unacceptable behavior; it can ensure person’s mental health.
Clinical Psychology
Hanieh Goodarzi; Sedigheh Jafari; Tohid Moradi Shaykhjan
Abstract
People with social anxiety face barriers to treatment under the pretext of avoiding interaction and the discomfort of self-disclosure. Using remote health services may be an alternative, but there is no research evidence on the effectiveness of Internet-based methods in social anxiety.Therefore, this ...
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People with social anxiety face barriers to treatment under the pretext of avoiding interaction and the discomfort of self-disclosure. Using remote health services may be an alternative, but there is no research evidence on the effectiveness of Internet-based methods in social anxiety.Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of face-to-face and Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on cognitive distortions and emotion regulation in adolescents with social anxiety.The present study was a field experiment. A total of 51 adolescents with social anxiety disorder were selected by cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to three face-to-face, Internet-based, and control therapy groups. Three groups were interviewed at the beginning and end of the study and answered the social anxiety screening questionnaire (SASA) Levpušček & Videc (2008 ), cognitive distortion questionnaire (CDQ) Beck and Wismann(1978), and emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ) Jojn and Gross(2003).The two experimental groups underwent therapeutic intervention during ten weekly sessions.The results of ANKOVA analysis showed that both forms of intervention effectively reduced cognitive distortions, improved emotion regulation, and reduced symptoms of social anxiety.Also, the results of MANKOVA analysis showed that in the components of the need to please others and repression, face-to-face intervention only was effective.None of the intervention methods significantly affected the two components of success and perfectionism. In general, in all variables, the impact of the face-to-face intervention was greater than the Internet-based intervention.These results can support the use of Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with social anxiety disorder who, due to circumstances, are unable to benefit from face-to-face treatment
Health Psychology
Farshad Hojabr
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are regarded as one of the most disabling diseases of human beings around the world, particularly when psychological characteristics are taken into consideration. This study compared attachment styles, problem solving styles and sensitivity anxiety in cardiovascular diseases patients ...
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Cardiovascular diseases are regarded as one of the most disabling diseases of human beings around the world, particularly when psychological characteristics are taken into consideration. This study compared attachment styles, problem solving styles and sensitivity anxiety in cardiovascular diseases patients and normal Individuals. A total of 40 participants (20 diseased, 20 normal) were selected thought random cluster sampling procedure from among a population of cardiovascular diseases in the city of Ardabil. Data were collected using the attachment styles inventory (AAI), problem-solving styles questionnaire (PSSQ) and the anxiety sensitivity index (ASI); moreover, multivariate analysis of variance used for data analysis. These finding implied that among attachment styles, problem solving and sensitivity anxiety there existed differences in cardiovascular diseases patients and non-patients. Results showed that cardiovascular diseases patients used higher avoidance and ambivalence attachment than non-patients. Result also revealed that non-patients used higher safety attachment than cardiovascular disease patients and patients employed avoidant attachment style as well as ambivalence. Moreover, cardiovascular diseases patients had higher helplessness, problem solving control and avoidance style more than non-patients and the non-patients used higher creativity style, problem-solving confidence, avoidance style more than cardiovascular diseases patients. It was also found that cardiovascular diseases patients used higher physical, cognitive, social worries than non-patients. Overall, the finding indicated that attachment styles, problem solving styles and sensitivity anxiety were important components discriminating cardiovascular diseases patients from non-patients. The suggestion for further studies is about other variables in cardiovascular diseases to provide preventive strategies for these diseases
Health Psychology
Kosar Elahi; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Milad Sabzeara
Abstract
Coronavirus pandemic has caused people a lot of anxiety in the past two years. The present study aims at predicting Coronavirus anxiety level based on mindfulness and resilience. It is applied research in terms of the goal; and methodologically, it is descriptive correlational research. Corona Disease ...
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Coronavirus pandemic has caused people a lot of anxiety in the past two years. The present study aims at predicting Coronavirus anxiety level based on mindfulness and resilience. It is applied research in terms of the goal; and methodologically, it is descriptive correlational research. Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) as well as The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISD) are employed to gather the data. The participants of the study include all Rahman Institute of Higher Education students in the academic year 2020-2021. A total of 260 (147 male and 113 female) students are chosen based on convenience sampling for whom the questionnaires are administered on-line. Statistical data analysis is based on regression analysis. The results of the multiple liner regression show that 12 percent of variance in COVID-19 anxiety is related to two of the mindfulness facets as observing and acting with awareness (p<0.01). Additionally, 19.6 percent of variance in COVID-19 anxiety is determined by mindfulness. Therefore, it is concluded that the facet of observing and resilience are related to less COVID-19 anxiety and acting with awareness is in connection with more COVID-19 anxiety in people
Family Psychology
Maryam Soltanzadeh Rezamahalleh
Abstract
The present study aims to predict the attitude towards marital infidelity based on attachment and perfectionism styles. The research method was correlational-descriptive and the statistical population was all married students of Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch. A sample of 369 students was selected ...
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The present study aims to predict the attitude towards marital infidelity based on attachment and perfectionism styles. The research method was correlational-descriptive and the statistical population was all married students of Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch. A sample of 369 students was selected by convenience sampling method. Adult Attachment Questionnaire, The Perfectionism Questionnaire and Attitude to Marital Infidelity Questionnaire were used to collect data. The research hypotheses were examined through Pearson correlation test and multiple regression and found that a significant correlation exists between marital infidelity with ambivalent attachment style (0.450), avoidant attachment style (0.348), safe style (-0.519), positive perfectionism (-0.403) and negative perfectionism (0.433). In addition, the multiple regression model indicated that attachment and perfectionism styles could accurately predict 34% and 25% of the variance of marital infidelity, respectively. The results indicated that creating a secure attachment style and positive perfectionism in individuals is related to reducing marital infidelity and consequently increasing family stability
Educational Psychology
SeyedTeymur SeyediAsl; Alireza Nazari Anamagh; Elham Sadeghi; Shahram Jafarzadeh; Mehdi Badali
Abstract
This research examined the relationship between video games and cognitive skills including critical thinking and creative thinking. This was an analytical and cross-sectional study. The population of the present research consisted of high school students of Ardebil in the academic year 2013-2014. A sample ...
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This research examined the relationship between video games and cognitive skills including critical thinking and creative thinking. This was an analytical and cross-sectional study. The population of the present research consisted of high school students of Ardebil in the academic year 2013-2014. A sample consisting of 105 students, (54 female and 51 male), was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. They filled out two questionnaires, namely the California Critical Thinking Skill Test (CCTST) and Critical Thinking Test (CT). The data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) as well as the Scheffe test. To conduct the analysis, the participants were divided into four groups based on the number of hours spent playing video games every day, namely no gaming, less than 1 hour, between 1-2 hours, and more than 2 hours of gaming; they were also divided into four groups based on the number of years they had been playing video games, namely no gaming, less than a year, 1-2 years, and more than 2 years. The results of the one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in creativity between the four groups based on the hours spent playing and the number of years the subjects had been playing video games (P<0.05). The differences between the four groups in terms of critical thinking were also significant (P<0.05). The findings indicated that the individuals spending up to two hours playing video games on a daily basis had higher levels of creativity and critical thinking compared to non-gamers.
Family Psychology
Narges Haj Abootalebi; Shohreh Ghanbari; Bahareh Rasoliyan; Maryam Aghel Masjedi
Abstract
The family is considered the first social institution created by marriage. One of the outstanding features of a successful marriage is the intimacy between spouses. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between self-control and perceived social support with marital intimacy among female ...
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The family is considered the first social institution created by marriage. One of the outstanding features of a successful marriage is the intimacy between spouses. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between self-control and perceived social support with marital intimacy among female students. The study was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population consisted of married female students of Azad University, North Tehran Branch during 2018-2019. The statistical sample was selected by simple random sampling method from among 150 married female students. To collect data, Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (MIQ) and Self-Control Questionnaire (SCQ) and The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression were used to analyze the data using SPSS-23 software. It was found that a significant positive relationship exists between marital intimacy and perceived social support and self-control in married female students. Further, there is a positive and significant relationship between marital intimacy and self-control. Increasing social support and self-control can improve some aspects of marital intimacy
Personality Psychology
Neda Nejadhamdy
Abstract
The present study was conducted on female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University to predict Internet addiction through a seven-factor Cloninger model. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University studying in the academic year 2019-2020. ...
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The present study was conducted on female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University to predict Internet addiction through a seven-factor Cloninger model. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University studying in the academic year 2019-2020. Moreover, a sample population of 150 people was selected through the convenience sampling method. Young's Internet Addiction Test and Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-125) were administered to the sample population. The data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation test, multiple regression. Results of Enter regression indicated that persistence dimension (b=-0.355) could account for 18.6% of variances of Internet addiction. The results of stepwise regression showed that persistence (b=-0.349) could predict 12.2% of variances of Internet addiction. Then, self-directedness was added to the prediction model which increased the explained variances of Internet addiction up to 15.4% of which 3.2% accounts particularly for self-directedness. This study may contribute to more accurate identification of involved factors in this phenomenon and provide a proper approach for prevention and treatment in line with those focused on evaluating the effective factors on Internet addiction.
Family Psychology
Arezoo Mojarrad; Hosein Ghamarigivi; Ahmadreza Kiani
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study discordant females regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of Bowen systematic and solution-focused counseling on reducing the risk of divorce, burnout and marital discord. The reseach design is quasi-experimental employing multiple groups pretest-posttest. ...
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The purpose of this research is to study discordant females regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of Bowen systematic and solution-focused counseling on reducing the risk of divorce, burnout and marital discord. The reseach design is quasi-experimental employing multiple groups pretest-posttest. The participants consisted of all women attending in Justice Depertment of Ardabil for divorce in 2016. The participants included 45 discordant women (divorce applicants) who were selected through convenience sampling method and were assigned to three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). The marital burnout questionnaire, marital instability index (MII), and Beier-Sternberg discord questionnaire (DQ) were used for data collection. Bowen systematic counseling and solution-focused counselig were provided for experimental groups in 7 sessions of an hour and a half each. Whereas, the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of the analysis of variance and Duncan's post hoc test showed that solution-focused counseling was more effective than Bowen systematic method in reducing divorce risk, burnout, and marital discord (p < 0.05). These results can be a strong for applying the priority of solution-focused counseling method to reduce the risk of divorce, burnout and marital discord among discordant women, thereby preventing family breakdown; this method can also be used to prevent marital conflicts.
Children with Special Needs (CWSN)
Tayebeh Baniasadi; Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad; Forough ShafaeianFard
Abstract
Evidence shows that physical activity (PA) is associated with better self-esteem and perceived motor competence in typically developing children. Nonetheless, associations between PA with self-esteem and perceived motor competence among children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has received ...
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Evidence shows that physical activity (PA) is associated with better self-esteem and perceived motor competence in typically developing children. Nonetheless, associations between PA with self-esteem and perceived motor competence among children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has received very little attention in the literature. As such, the purpose of this study was to survey the associations between PA with self-esteem and perceived motor competence among children with DCD. A correlational approach was used in this study. Participants were forty-nine children with DCD (mean age of 8.85 years old) from special schools. Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children was used for assessing PA. Self-Perception Profile for Children was used to assess self-esteem and perceived motor competence. To analyze data, we used Pearson correlation test and regression analysis. Descriptive results showed that our sample participate in very low amount of PA. In addition, they have low levels of self-esteem and perceived motor competence. Furthermore, PA was significantly and directly associated with both self-esteem and perceived motor competence. Finally, PA has significantly and directly predicted both self-esteem and perceived motor competence. Our findings emphasize on benefits of PA for improving psychological status of children with DCD. Thus, it seems necessary to find out proper strategies and interventions for increase the level of PA in this population.
