Personality Psychology
Amir Hosien Moradi; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Milad Sabzeara Langaroudi
Abstract
Objective: Critical thinking is considered a vital skill for life, especially for learning among students. The current research aims to determine a causal model of the relationship between parent-child interaction and the disposition towards critical thinking, with cognitive flexibility playing ...
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Objective: Critical thinking is considered a vital skill for life, especially for learning among students. The current research aims to determine a causal model of the relationship between parent-child interaction and the disposition towards critical thinking, with cognitive flexibility playing an intermediary role.Method: The design of this research was descriptive-correlational, utilizing structural equation modeling. The study population included male and female middle school students from Lahijan city during the 2023-2024 academic year. A sample of 200 students was selected through convenience sampling. For data collection in this research, the Parent-Child Relationship Scale (PCRS), The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI), and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI) were used. The data were then analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test and structural equation modeling, with the help of SPSS 26 and LISREL 10.2 software.Results: The findings of the research indicated that the proposed model has a good fit. Additionally, parent-child interaction and cognitive flexibility have a direct effect on the disposition towards critical thinking (P > 0.05). Parent-child interaction has a significant and positive indirect effect on the disposition towards critical thinking through cognitive flexibility (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that parent-child interaction and cognitive flexibility can predict critical thinking skills in students. School authorities and parents should pay special attention to these variables.
Personality Psychology
Tina Soltanahmadi; Hassan Shafaei; Niloofar Rezaei; Tayebeh Khayatan
Abstract
Objective: This research demonstrates that the practice of mindfulness training led to a notable decrease in occupational stress and an improvement in the overall quality of life for professionals working in operating rooms. Methods: The method of the present research was practical in nature ...
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Objective: This research demonstrates that the practice of mindfulness training led to a notable decrease in occupational stress and an improvement in the overall quality of life for professionals working in operating rooms. Methods: The method of the present research was practical in nature and quasi-experimental in the form of pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all operating room experts in Tehran hospitals. 50 people from this community were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental (25 people) and control (25 people) groups. Data was collected using standard questionnaires. T tests and ANCOVA were used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference in both occupational stress and quality of life in the pretest (both P>0.05). However, it was observed that experimental group had significantly lower occupational stress and higher quality of life compared to control group in the posttest (both P=0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed significant differences between experimental and control groups in both occupational stress and quality of life (both P=0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that mindfulness can play a crucial role in managing work-related stress among operating room experts. Consequently, by actively participating in mindfulness activities, it is plausible to create more favorable circumstances for professionals working in operating rooms in terms of their quality of life.
Personality Psychology
Niloofar Rezaei; Hassan Shafaei
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of innovative organizational climate on the job performance of private sector employees, taking into account the mediating role of job motivation and self-efficacy.
Methods: A descriptive-correlation approach was employed in the current ...
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Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of innovative organizational climate on the job performance of private sector employees, taking into account the mediating role of job motivation and self-efficacy.
Methods: A descriptive-correlation approach was employed in the current investigation, utilizing structural equation modeling. The study consisted of 384 employees from the private sector, aged between 21 and 49 years (with a mean age of 35.11±8.17 years), who willingly participated. The research was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in the year 2023. The participants were selected through a convenience sampling method, adhering to the guidelines outlined by Krejci & Morgan. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and the structural equation modeling were used for data analysis.
Results: Results reveled that innovative organizational climate significantly affected job performance (T=6.284). Moreover, innovative organizational climate significantly affected job motivation (T=11.594). Furthermore, innovative organizational climate significantly affected self-efficacy (T=9.509). In addition, job motivation has significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001). Finally, self-efficacy has significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that market holders focus on promoting and enhancing the factors and components that contribute to the innovative organizational climate of private sector employees. Additionally, greater emphasis should be placed on job motivation and self-efficacy of the private sector employees.
Personality Psychology
Masoume Sobhi
Abstract
Subjective: Psychological problems are involved in many psychosomatic disorders. Gastric ulcer is also related to psychological problems as one of the psychosomatic disorders. This research was conducted with the aim of comparison of emotion regulation in gastric ulcer sufferers and non-sufferers.Methods: ...
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Subjective: Psychological problems are involved in many psychosomatic disorders. Gastric ulcer is also related to psychological problems as one of the psychosomatic disorders. This research was conducted with the aim of comparison of emotion regulation in gastric ulcer sufferers and non-sufferers.Methods: This research is descriptive and causal-comparative. 100 patients with gastric ulcer and referred to Imam Hussein Hospital in Tehran in 2022 were selected by convenience sampling method and compared with 100 of their companions who did not have gastric ulcer. Both groups responded to Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Data were analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance and SPSS-21 software.Results: The findings showed that the total score of difficulties in emotion regulation and its subscales (non-acceptance of negative emotions, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviors, difficulties controlling impulsive behaviors, limited access to effective emotion regulation strategies, lack of emotional awareness, lack of emotional clarity) in patients with gastric ulcer is significantly higher than of non-afflicted people (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to this finding, it can be concluded that the difficulty in regulating emotions may play a role in gastric ulcers. It seems that patients with gastric ulcer are less able to identify and understand their emotions and less able to manage their emotions properly. Therefore, the accumulation of psychological pressure caused by negative emotions can cause their symptoms to appear or intensify.
Personality Psychology
Kimia Peyghan
Abstract
Identifying some differences between men and women can be useful in guiding people in different areas of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing male and female students in personality traits and psychological symptoms. This research is causal-comparative type. The research population ...
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Identifying some differences between men and women can be useful in guiding people in different areas of life. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing male and female students in personality traits and psychological symptoms. This research is causal-comparative type. The research population was the students of Islamic Azadi University of Shiraz Branch, who were selected 250 girls and 250 boys by convenience sampling method and completed NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) and Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R). The data of the two groups were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and SPSS-24 software. The findings showed that the score of male students is significantly higher than girls in the personality trait of openness to experience (P<0.001). In the personality traits of conscientiousness, extroversion and agreeableness, the score of female students was significantly higher than male students (P<0.05). Among the psychological symptoms, somatization, depression and anxiety among female students and hostility among male students were significantly higher (P<0.001). According to the results, it can be concluded that there are psychological and personality differences between men and women, which paying attention to them and guiding people based on them can help the future life of people in different fields.
Personality Psychology
Kobra Abbaspour; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Fatemeh Ashournejad
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the causal model of the relationship between cognitive regulation of emotion and the quality of committed relationships of couples with the mediation of mindfulness. The design of the present research was a correlational description. The statistical ...
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The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the causal model of the relationship between cognitive regulation of emotion and the quality of committed relationships of couples with the mediation of mindfulness. The design of the present research was a correlational description. The statistical population of the present study included married women in Bandar Ganaveh in 2022, of which 263 were selected by Convenience sampling sampling. The data collection tools in the present study included Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Marital Commitment Questionnaire (DCI) and Freiburg Mind-Awareness Questionnaire-Short Form (FMI) which were completed online. Structural equation modeling method were used to check the hypotheses using SPSS22 and Smart PLS3 software. The obtained findings indicated that the research data has a good fit with the proposed model. The results of data analysis showed that the cognitive regulation of emotion has a positive and direct effect on the quality of committed relationships of couples (p<0.05). Also, there is a positive and direct effect mindfulness and the quality of committed relationships of couples (p<0.05). There is an indirect and effect the cognitive regulation of emotion through mindfulness on the quality of committed relationships of couples (p<0.05). We conclude from this research that; Strengthening the cognitive regulation skills of emotion and mindfulness is related to more committed relationships in married women, and counselors of counseling centers can benefit from the results of this research.
Personality Psychology
Akbar Karami; Hamid Amini Koltapeh; Nasim Noori; Akbar Mahdilou
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the general health, resilience, and identity crisis among children from families supported by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee, as well as predicting the general health of individuals based on resilience and identity crisis. In this research, 156 male students ...
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The aim of this study is to investigate the general health, resilience, and identity crisis among children from families supported by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee, as well as predicting the general health of individuals based on resilience and identity crisis. In this research, 156 male students from the province of Zanjan and the city of Maragheh, who were under the support of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee, were studied using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Rajaei Identity Crisis Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The findings indicated a significant positive relationship between general health and resilience, and a significant negative relationship between general health and identity crisis among these individuals. Furthermore, a significant negative relationship was found between resilience and identity crisis. Multiple regression analysis showed that general health explains a small amount of the variance in resilience and identity crisis in these individuals. This study demonstrated that under conditions of high resilience and low identity crisis, individuals would have better general health.
Personality Psychology
Fatemeh Pouragha
Abstract
The Purpose of this research was to compare religious orientation, well-being, and identity crisis among adolescents residing in welfare centers and normal adolescents. This study employed a causal-comparative research design. The statistical population of the research included all adolescents residing ...
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The Purpose of this research was to compare religious orientation, well-being, and identity crisis among adolescents residing in welfare centers and normal adolescents. This study employed a causal-comparative research design. The statistical population of the research included all adolescents residing in welfare centers and normal adolescents in Rasht city. For this purpose, 37 adolescents residing in welfare centers and 38 normal adolescents were selected using convenience sampling method. The instruments used in this study were the religious orientation questionnaire, Oxford happiness questionnaire (OHQ), and identity crisis questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using independent t-tests to compare the two groups. The results of the independent t-tests indicated significant differences between the two groups of children residing in welfare centers and normal children in terms of total score of identity crisis, total score of well-being, and religious orientation. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the upbringing of adolescents in normal families is important for enhancing religious orientation, increasing self-confidence, and reducing identity crisis. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the upbringing of adolescents in normal families is important for enhancing religious orientation, increasing self-confidence, and reducing identity crisis.
Personality Psychology
Parisa Tanhaei Dilmaghani; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Milad SabzehAra Langaroudi
Abstract
The present research was conducted to investigate the causal model of relationship between basic psychological needs and academic resilience in online education with the mediating role of ambiguity tolerance. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of method. The ...
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The present research was conducted to investigate the causal model of relationship between basic psychological needs and academic resilience in online education with the mediating role of ambiguity tolerance. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of method. The population of the current research was Rahman Institute of Higher Education’s student studying in the academic year 2021-2022. Two hundred and seven students out of the population were selected through convenience sampling method. The data collection tool in the present research included The Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S), Academic Resilience Inventory (ARI), and ambiguity tolerance (AT). Then the data were analyzed through structural equation method using SPSS 22 and Smart PLS 3 software. The research results showed that basic psychological needs positively and directly affect academic resilience (P<0.05). Moreover, the results revealed that ambiguity tolerance had a direct and positive effect on academic resilience (P<0.05). On the other hand, the indirect effect of basic psychological needs on academic resilience was confirmed through ambiguity tolerance (p<0.05); Therefore, it can be concluded that students whose basic psychological needs were satisfied more, had more tolerance for ambiguity; they were also more academically resilient; in the meantime, providing basic needs was especially important; Therefore, higher education administrators of the country should strive to develop these abilities in students.The present research was conducted to investigate the causal model of relationship between basic psychological needs and academic resilience in online education with the mediating role of ambiguity tolerance.
Personality Psychology
Ashraf Sadat Mousavi; Masoume Jafari-nejad
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare self-destructiveness, fear of failure, and the big five personality traits in adolescent boys in divorced and normal families, employing a causal-comparative method. Ninety boys (of divorced and normal families, 45 in each group) were selected through purposeful ...
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The aim of the present study was to compare self-destructiveness, fear of failure, and the big five personality traits in adolescent boys in divorced and normal families, employing a causal-comparative method. Ninety boys (of divorced and normal families, 45 in each group) were selected through purposeful sampling method for teenagers from divorced families and random sampling for teenagers from normal families. All of which were 15 to18 year-old boys studying in the second grade of high school in Karaj. To collect the data, Chronic self-destructiveness Scale (CSDS), Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI) and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) were run, and Multivariate analysis of variance test was used for analysis of data. Results showed that chronic self-destructiveness (F=94/64, p ≤ .001), inconsideration and lack of commitment (F=28/818, p ≤ .001), neglect (F=160/60, p ≤ .001), risk taking (F=43/543, p ≤ .001), stupefaction (F=52/933, p ≤ .001), fear of failure (F=1238/00, p ≤ .001), fear of experiencing shame and embarrassment (F= 1035 / 45 , p ≤ .001), fear of devaluing one's self-esteem (F = 1600 / 64 , p ≤ .001), fear of having an uncertain future (F = 1507 / 61 , p ≤ .001 ) ), fear of losing interest from important others (F= 69 / 872 , p ≤ .001) and neuroticism (F = 94 / 2202 , p ≤ .001) were higher in adolescent boys with divorced families than normal ones. In other dimensions of the big five, extraversion (F= 1719 / 52, p ≤ .001), openness to experience (F = 47 / 12, p ≤ .001), agreeableness (F = 3032 / 96, p ≤ .001), and conscientiousness (F= 1788 / 59, p ≤ .001), the mean scores in adolescent boys with normal families were higher than the ones from divorced. The negative experiences, the absence of a caring parent, and the lack of a sense of security in divorced families can be the reasons behind the higher rate of self-destructiveness and fear of success in adolescents from divorced families.
Social Psychology
Yadola Zargar; Fatemeh Sarami
Abstract
The present study, as an interdisciplinary research between sociology and psychology, aimed to construct a scale for socio-political perfectionism and compare perfectionism among the 18 to 35-year-old Iranian students living in Iran (155 persons) and those residing Germany and Canada (105 persons). Regarding ...
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The present study, as an interdisciplinary research between sociology and psychology, aimed to construct a scale for socio-political perfectionism and compare perfectionism among the 18 to 35-year-old Iranian students living in Iran (155 persons) and those residing Germany and Canada (105 persons). Regarding this, the sample (360 persons) was selected through convenience sampling and data were collected online using Google Drive. Additionally, positive and negative perfectionism scale and attitude measurement question about the severity of social issues, as well as the scale of socio-political perfectionism, were used as the instruments. The scale related to socio-political perfectionism was obtained by using the factor analysis having a 12-item factor, and applied in the present study for the first time. The validity and reliability of the scale were determined as optimum. The results were explained by psychological and sociological researches and theories by representing the effectiveness of cultural differences in the socio-political perfectionism.
Personality Psychology
Hassan Soleimani Rad; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
The spread of the selfie phenomenon and sending it to virtual social networks can be due to various causes and contexts, including psychological and personality factors. There is limited and conflicting research evidence in this area that requires further research. Therefore, this study aims to investigate ...
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The spread of the selfie phenomenon and sending it to virtual social networks can be due to various causes and contexts, including psychological and personality factors. There is limited and conflicting research evidence in this area that requires further research. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of psychological needs and dark triad traits of personality in selfie-taking behavior. The present study is a causal-comparative study. A total of 300 students (in the age range of 18 to 30 years) are selected by cluster sampling from the faculties of Guilan University. They responded to a researcher-made selfie checklist, the General Health Questionnaire, the Maslow's Needs Questionnaire, and the dark triad traits Scale. Finally, data from 202 participants (103 female students) are analyzed. The multivariate analysis of variance reveals that the two groups of selfie-taker and non-selfie-taker are significantly different in psychological needs, including safety, belonging, and esteem and personality traits, including narcissism and Machiavellianism. It seems that the needs of unsatisfied safety, belonging, and esteem and the traits of narcissism and Machiavellianism can justify the phenomenon of taking selfies and sending them on virtual social networks
Personality Psychology
Taghi Akbari; Soraiya Ahadi Sagavaz
Abstract
Psychological well-being, meaning cognitive and emotional evaluations of one's life, which is one of the components of positive psychology, is of particular importance in students' behavior today. Therefore, recognizing the factors affecting it plays a crucial role in enhancing students 'psychological ...
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Psychological well-being, meaning cognitive and emotional evaluations of one's life, which is one of the components of positive psychology, is of particular importance in students' behavior today. Therefore, recognizing the factors affecting it plays a crucial role in enhancing students 'psychological well-being. The present study aims at predicting students' psychological well-being based on the components of spiritual intelligence and a sense of coherence. The present study is applied as well as descriptive/correlational research in terms of purpose and in terms of the nature and method respectively. Based on the Morgan Table, a sample of 248 of Bilesavar Moghan Azad University students in the academic year 2019-2020 is randomly selected. Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) and Psychological Well-being Questionnaire are employed for data collection. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression are used for analysis data. The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between spiritual intelligence as well as sense of coherence and students' psychological well-being; this means that whenever spiritual intelligence as well as sense of coherence increase, there is also improvement in psychological well-being. Spiritual intelligence can be a good predictor of psychological well-being and mental health. The spiritual tendency in life prevents a person from doing wrong and showing unacceptable behavior; it can ensure person’s mental health.
Social Psychology
Narges Haj Abootalebi; Shohreh Ghanbari; Bahareh Rasoliyan; Maryam Aghel Masjedi
Abstract
The family is considered the first social institution created by marriage. One of the outstanding features of a successful marriage is the intimacy between spouses. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between self-control and perceived social support with marital intimacy among female ...
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The family is considered the first social institution created by marriage. One of the outstanding features of a successful marriage is the intimacy between spouses. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between self-control and perceived social support with marital intimacy among female students. The study was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population consisted of married female students of Azad University, North Tehran Branch during 2018-2019. The statistical sample was selected by simple random sampling method from among 150 married female students. To collect data, Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (MIQ) and Self-Control Questionnaire (SCQ) and The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression were used to analyze the data using SPSS-23 software. It was found that a significant positive relationship exists between marital intimacy and perceived social support and self-control in married female students. Further, there is a positive and significant relationship between marital intimacy and self-control. Increasing social support and self-control can improve some aspects of marital intimacy
Personality Psychology
Neda Nejadhamdy
Abstract
The present study was conducted on female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University to predict Internet addiction through a seven-factor Cloninger model. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University studying in the academic year 2019-2020. ...
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The present study was conducted on female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University to predict Internet addiction through a seven-factor Cloninger model. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female students of Allameh Tabataba'i University studying in the academic year 2019-2020. Moreover, a sample population of 150 people was selected through the convenience sampling method. Young's Internet Addiction Test and Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-125) were administered to the sample population. The data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation test, multiple regression. Results of Enter regression indicated that persistence dimension (b=-0.355) could account for 18.6% of variances of Internet addiction. The results of stepwise regression showed that persistence (b=-0.349) could predict 12.2% of variances of Internet addiction. Then, self-directedness was added to the prediction model which increased the explained variances of Internet addiction up to 15.4% of which 3.2% accounts particularly for self-directedness. This study may contribute to more accurate identification of involved factors in this phenomenon and provide a proper approach for prevention and treatment in line with those focused on evaluating the effective factors on Internet addiction.
