Abnormal Psychology
Horieh Abbasmofrad
Abstract
Pregnancy is a very important period that sometimes comes with various complications such as anxiety during pregnancy. Therefore, timely and early identification of this anxiety can play an important role in the health of pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ...
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Pregnancy is a very important period that sometimes comes with various complications such as anxiety during pregnancy. Therefore, timely and early identification of this anxiety can play an important role in the health of pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional creativity and pregnancy anxiety in five to eight months pregnant women. The method of the current research was descriptive-correlation of the survey type. The research population consisted of 5-8 months pregnant women of Mazandaran province in 1401, who were selected by referring to health and treatment centers and using a targeted sampling method, in the number of 200 people. Then emotional creativity questionnaires(ECI) and pregnancy anxiety questionnaire(PRAQ) were implemented on them. After collecting the questionnaires, they were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and correlation statistical method. The statistical results showed that there is an inverse relationship between emotional apathy and pregnancy anxiety (r=-0.322, P<0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that emotional creativity predicts pregnancy anxiety to a good extent.
Abnormal Psychology
Seyyede Zahra Seyyedin
Abstract
Studies have shown that neuroticism is one of the personality traits associated with negative psychological consequences. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of schema therapy on reducing neuroticism. The current research is a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test ...
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Studies have shown that neuroticism is one of the personality traits associated with negative psychological consequences. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of schema therapy on reducing neuroticism. The current research is a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The research population was the patients referred to Shariati Hospital in Tehran in 2021, and 22 of them who had obtained a high score in the neuroticism subscale were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental (n = 11) and control (n = 11) groups. Both groups completed the neuroticism subscale of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) in the pre-test and post-test phases. The experimental group was subjected to the schema therapy for 10 weekly sessions, but no intervention was performed on the experimental group during this period. The analysis of the collected data was done with analysis of covariance and SPSS-18 software. The obtained findings showed that schema therapy was able to significantly reduce the level of neuroticism in the experimental group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). According to the findings, it can be concluded that schema therapy is effective in reducing neuroticism and can be used in treatment centers in this regard.
Abnormal Psychology
Hassan Shafaei; Niloofar Rezaei; Tina Soltanahmadi; Simin Elmi
Abstract
Objective: Despite numerous studies on the influence of regular engagement in physical activity and sports on mental health and quality of life across various demographics, there has been limited focus on its impact within the nursing profession. As a result, this study seeks to explore the effects of ...
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Objective: Despite numerous studies on the influence of regular engagement in physical activity and sports on mental health and quality of life across various demographics, there has been limited focus on its impact within the nursing profession. As a result, this study seeks to explore the effects of sports and physical activity participation on the mental health and quality of life of nurses.
Methods: The current study utilized a descriptive correlational design and was conducted in a cross-sectional manner. The target population consisted of all nurses employed in the hospitals of Tehran. The research sample was selected using an available sampling method, specifically among nurses who expressed their willingness to participate in the study. A total of 384 male and female nurses took part in the research and successfully completed the provided questionnaires. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and the structural equation modeling were used for data analysis.
Results: Results reveled that physical activity significantly affected depression (T= - 5.254), anxiety (T= - 6.471) and stress (T= - 4.527). In addition, physical activity significantly affected quality of life (T=3.627). Results of model fit are presented in Table 3 and indicated that the research model has good fit.
Conclusion: This implies that nurses could greatly enhance their well-being through increased engagement in physical activity and a decrease in sedentary habits. As a result, we strongly urge healthcare policymakers to implement measures aimed at increasing physical activity levels among nurses.
Abnormal Psychology
Hassan Shafaei
Abstract
Objective: Identifying factors that can positively influence the mental health and resilience of healthcare workers is crucial. As such, this research aims to explore the impact of aerobic exercise on depression and resilience among healthcare workers. Methods: This study was conducted as an ...
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Objective: Identifying factors that can positively influence the mental health and resilience of healthcare workers is crucial. As such, this research aims to explore the impact of aerobic exercise on depression and resilience among healthcare workers. Methods: This study was conducted as an experiment, focusing on healthcare workers employed in hospitals in Tehran. A sample of 64 health care workers was selected using a convenience sampling method. These individuals were then randomly divided into two control groups (32 people each) and one experimental group (32 people). Data was collected using standard questionnaires. T tests and ANCOVA were used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference in both depression and resilience in the pretest (both P>0.05). However, it was observed that experimental group had significantly lower depression and higher resilience compared to control group in the posttest (both P=0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed significant differences between experimental and control groups in both depression and resilience (both P=0.001).Conclusion: These results suggest that physical activity and sport can be considered as an important factor in coping with severe job-related conditions in healthcare workers. Therefore, by increasing physical activity and sport, better conditions can be created for healthcare workers to ensure their mental health.
Abnormal Psychology
Hassan Shafaei
Abstract
Objective: Cognitive-behavioral therapy effectively helps patients overcome a wide variety of maladaptive behaviors such as anxiety. The aim of the present study was to further examine this issue by exploring the effects of a cognitive-behavioral therapy on academic anxiety of children with learning ...
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Objective: Cognitive-behavioral therapy effectively helps patients overcome a wide variety of maladaptive behaviors such as anxiety. The aim of the present study was to further examine this issue by exploring the effects of a cognitive-behavioral therapy on academic anxiety of children with learning disorders.
Methods: The quasi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included 32 children (9-13 years) with academic anxiety (mild, moderate and severe) who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The School Anxiety Scale was used to measure academic anxiety. The behavioral-cognitive therapy program was implemented for 12 sessions, 3 sessions of 45 minutes each week for the experimental group. After the intervention, all participants participated in posttest. Paired sample t test, independent t test, and analysis of covariance were used to analyze data.
Results: The average of academic anxiety before the intervention in the experimental and control groups was 23.94±2.18 and 22.87±3.64, respectively, and the independent t-test did not show a significant difference (P=0.39). The average of the groups shows that the academic anxiety scores of the experimental group have decreased compared to the pre-test scores (t=16.58, P<0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed that a cognitive-behavioral therapy has led to a reduction in academic anxiety (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Reconstructing children’s thoughts and beliefs helps them to identify their wrong thoughts about the exam and gradually replace them with correct beliefs and thoughts. s.
Abnormal Psychology
Mohammadbagher Askarnia; Simin Elmi; Hassan Shafaei; Tina Soltanahmadi
Abstract
Objective: It is crucial to prioritize the enhancement of teachers' mental health within the education system. As a result, this study aims to examine the impact of a Pilates training course on the psychological and mental well-being of school teachers, encompassing aspects such as depression and ...
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Objective: It is crucial to prioritize the enhancement of teachers' mental health within the education system. As a result, this study aims to examine the impact of a Pilates training course on the psychological and mental well-being of school teachers, encompassing aspects such as depression and self-esteem.
Methods: The research was carried out using a semi-experimental approach. The study involved 60 elementary school teachers who were chosen through convenience sampling and then randomly and equally divided into two groups - experimental and control. Data was collected using standard questionnaires. T tests and ANCOVA were used to analyze data.
Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference in both depression and self-esteem in the pretest (both P>0.05). However, it was observed that experimental group had significantly lower depression and higher self-esteem compared to control group in the posttest (both P=0.001). Finally, the results of ANCOVA showed significant differences between experimental and control groups in both depression and self-esteem (both P=0.001).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that it is possible to recommend Pilates exercise and movement activities as a way to improve mental health, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, efficiency, positive mood and reduce mental and emotional tensions in school teachers.
Abnormal Psychology
Horieh Abbasmofrad
Abstract
Objective: Over the past two decades, there has been widespread scientific attention to emotion regulation and the impact of emotional dysregulation on physical and mental health. The concept of alexia is rooted in the psychology of emotions and psychosomatic diseases. Many patients with psychosomatic ...
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Objective: Over the past two decades, there has been widespread scientific attention to emotion regulation and the impact of emotional dysregulation on physical and mental health. The concept of alexia is rooted in the psychology of emotions and psychosomatic diseases. Many patients with psychosomatic complaints showed problems in emotional self-regulation. This research aimed to explore the association between alexithymia and psychological well-being in pregnant women during their 5th to 7th month of pregnancy.Methods: The study population consisted of pregnant women from the Mazandaran province, Iran, during 2022-2023. Employing purposive sampling, 200 pregnant women were selected from health centers. Participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (FTAS-20) and the Psychological Well-being Scale (RSPWB). Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression test were used to analyze the data.Results: Results revealed an inverse relationship between alexithymia and psychological well-being (r = -0.388, p < 0.01). Approximately 53% of the variance in psychological well-being scores could be attributed to alexithymia.Conclusion: In conclusion, alexithymia serves as an effective predictor of maternal psychological well-being.
Abnormal Psychology
Seyed Aminullah Nasrat; Qais Raheen
Abstract
Subjective: Anxiety is a negative emotional state caused by confronting unfavorable and unmanageable situations. Starting university and facing a new setting often triggers anxiety in students, particularly those who anticipate a demanding work environment.Methods: The study is a descriptive-analytical ...
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Subjective: Anxiety is a negative emotional state caused by confronting unfavorable and unmanageable situations. Starting university and facing a new setting often triggers anxiety in students, particularly those who anticipate a demanding work environment.Methods: The study is a descriptive-analytical research conducted in 2023 on the students of Balkh University Faculty of Medicine. A sample size of 120 students was chosen using the basic random sampling approach. Data was collected using Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for data analysis using SPSS 27. Out of 120 participants, 52 were aged 20-25, 38 were aged 25-30, and 30 were aged 30-35. Out of the respondents, 62 resided in dormitories and the remaining 58 lived in individual residences. Results: Out of 120 students, 56 had normal anxiety levels, 35 had mild anxiety, 12 had moderate anxiety, 8 had severe anxiety, and 9 had extremely severe anxiety.Conclusion: Therefore, psychologists in student counseling centers should pay attention to reducing the level of anxiety in students and study the reasons for its occurrence.
Abnormal Psychology
Ghazal Sadat Pournesaei; Maryam Rostami
Abstract
Addiction is a complex and difficult issue, with relapses occurring in about 50 to 70 percent of addicts after quitting. To better understanding the factors associated with relapse, we conducted a study from the perspective of drug abusers in self-referral centers affiliated with the Welfare Organization ...
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Addiction is a complex and difficult issue, with relapses occurring in about 50 to 70 percent of addicts after quitting. To better understanding the factors associated with relapse, we conducted a study from the perspective of drug abusers in self-referral centers affiliated with the Welfare Organization of Bandar-e Anzali. Our sample consisted of 181 men referred to addiction treatment centers in Bandar-e Anzali in 1400. We used a researcher-made questionnaire to collect data on demographic information and factors related to relapse. Our findings revealed that associating with addicted and deviant friends (2.62%) was the most important factor associated with relapse from the perspective of addicts. Based on our results, we suggest that training and intervention for assertiveness (the skill of saying no) in front of friends and changing clients’ lifestyles, as well as teaching interpersonal relationships and moderation to family members after quitting drug use, are necessary.
Abnormal Psychology
Ziba Dehban; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Fatemeh Ashournejad
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of emotional self-awareness in the relationship between moral identity and self-defeating behavior and cognition. This research was descriptive-correlation based on structural equation modeling. 200 female students of the ...
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The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of emotional self-awareness in the relationship between moral identity and self-defeating behavior and cognition. This research was descriptive-correlation based on structural equation modeling. 200 female students of the first secondary school in the villages of Roudbane city in the academic year 2022-2023 were selected using convenience sampling method and the research tools included the moral identity questionnaire (MIQ), self-defeating behaviors & cognitions scale (SDBCS) and self-awareness outcomes questionnaire (SAOQ). Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation and structural equations. The obtained findings showed that moral identity and emotional self-awareness have a direct effect on self-defeating behavior and cognition (p>0.001). Also, moral identity had an indirect effect on self-defeating behavior and cognition with the mediating role of emotional self-awareness (p>0.001). According to the results of the present research, more attention should be paid to the role of moral identity and emotional self-awareness in reducing students' self-defeating behaviors and cognitions.
Abnormal Psychology
Fateme Rabiei
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses in the world, so it is important to know it as well as possible to design interventions to reduce it in society. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between depression with cognitive fusion and defense mechanisms. ...
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Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses in the world, so it is important to know it as well as possible to design interventions to reduce it in society. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between depression with cognitive fusion and defense mechanisms. This research is descriptive-correlation type. The research population was the students of Kashan University in the academic year of 2023-2024, and 350 of them were selected by convenience sampling method. Research tools included Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) and Defense Mechanisms Questionnaire-40 (DSQ-40). Data analysis was done using SPSS-26 software and Pearson correlation coefficient. The obtained findings showed that depression is positively correlated with cognitive fusion and immature and neurotic defense mechanisms (P < 0.01). But the relationship between depression and mature defense mechanisms such as humor and sublimation was negative and significant (P < 0.01). These findings show that depression is related to unhealthy thought processes such as cognitive fusion and immature and neurotic defense mechanisms, and therefore attention should be paid to this issue in the field of treatment.
Abnormal Psychology
Jean-Luc Vannier
Abstract
Published by Érès with the support of the Centre national du livre, the simple review of the introduction to this collection would already be satisfying. Not that the “revised and expanded” texts proposed by Jean-Claude Maleval are of limited interest. Quite the contrary. However, ...
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Published by Érès with the support of the Centre national du livre, the simple review of the introduction to this collection would already be satisfying. Not that the “revised and expanded” texts proposed by Jean-Claude Maleval are of limited interest. Quite the contrary. However, the dozen or so pages that open these Psychoanalytical Conversations with Ordinary and Extraordinary Psychotics contain assertions and other clinical innovations capable of shaking the doctrinal tree. Certainly, there is no surprise in this author''s constant and incisive criticism of the “dead end of the descriptive strategy” adopted by successive DSMs and reduced to independent of human history and cultural variations”. Moreover, this in an environment characterized by a “spectacular” increase in requests for psychoanalysis by subjects with a psychotic structure. The clinician briefly explains the reasons: the introduction of the diagnosis of ordinary psychosis, the sharpening of its identification and a better knowledge of the conduct of the treatment. A trend reinforced a contrario by the negative effects of a “deterioration of the conditions in which patients receive in psychiatric institutions”.
Abnormal Psychology
Roghayeh Baghizade; Masoume Maleki Pirbazari; Milad SabzehAra Langaroudi
Abstract
The aim of the current research is to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness group training on psychological well-being, alexithymia and marital burnout. The current research is a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The population of the present study includes married ...
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The aim of the current research is to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness group training on psychological well-being, alexithymia and marital burnout. The current research is a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The population of the present study includes married women of Rodsar city in 2022. From this population, 30 persons were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of two-hour mindfulness group training and the control group did not receive any training. Psychological well-being scale (PWB), couple burnout measure (CBM) and Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS) were used to collect research data. To analyze the data, covariance analysis test were used. The results of the research showed that mindfulness group training is effective in increasing the psychological well-being and reducing marital burnout and alexithymia of married women (p<0.01). Therefore, the results of the present study are useful for families to use this intervention to improve psychological well-being, alexithymia and marital burnout
Abnormal Psychology
Horrieh Abbasmofrad; Sara Abootalebi
Abstract
Coronary heart disease is the most common type of heart disease in which the arteries of the heart become narrow and stiff. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between resilience and depression among patients with cardiovascular disease. This study is descriptive and correlational. ...
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Coronary heart disease is the most common type of heart disease in which the arteries of the heart become narrow and stiff. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between resilience and depression among patients with cardiovascular disease. This study is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research includes all cardiovascular patients in East Guilan province in 2018. From the target population, 150 patients were selected using purposeful sampling, and then resilience (CD-RIS) and depression (questionnaires ZSD) were administered on them, and then the data were analyzed using correlation and regression methods. were analyzed multiple times. The findings showed that there is a negative relationship between resilience and depression among patients with cardiovascular disease (P<0.01). Also, resilience negatively and depression positively predicted the severity of heart disease (P<0.01). The results emphasize the need to strengthen resilience in order to reduce depression in cardiovascular patients.
Abnormal Psychology
Somayeh Mirzaian
Abstract
Rumination and worry are among the cognitive conflicts in many people. This research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of training metacognitive strategies on reducing rumination and worry. This research is a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. ...
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Rumination and worry are among the cognitive conflicts in many people. This research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of training metacognitive strategies on reducing rumination and worry. This research is a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. 32 students of Shahid Beheshti University were selected based on the cut of point in the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) by purposive sampling method and were assigned in two experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 16) groups. Metacognitive strategies were taught to the experimental group for 8 sessions, but the control group did not receive any training during this period. Data analysis was done using covariance analysis and SPSS-26 software. The findings showed that metacognitive therapy was able to significantly reduce rumination and worry in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.001). Based on this finding, it can be concluded that training metacognitive strategies can be used effectively to reduce rumination and worry.
Abnormal Psychology
Farzaneh Ghorbanpour Ahmadsargourabi
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and executive functions. The research method is descriptive-correlation type. 150 students of Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch were selected by convenience sampling method ...
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This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and executive functions. The research method is descriptive-correlation type. 150 students of Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch were selected by convenience sampling method and completed research tools including Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) and Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS). Data analysis was done with Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS-22 software. The findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the strategies of emotion regulation of acceptance, positive refocusing, planning, positive reappraisal, and putting into perspective with executive functions, but this relationship were inverse for self-blame, other-blame, catastrophizing and rumination (P < 0.01). According to the findings, it is concluded that constructive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation can be effective in strengthening executive functions, and incorrect strategies of cognitive emotion regulation cause problems in executive functions.Therefore, students should be trained in the field of improving cognitive regulation strategies.
Abnormal Psychology
Horrieh Abbasmofrad
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Yoga on women's anxiety. This research was quasi-experimental. The statistical population of the research included women who visited Yoga clubs in Rasht city in 2021. For this purpose, 30 women who had a high score according to the Beck Anxiety ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Yoga on women's anxiety. This research was quasi-experimental. The statistical population of the research included women who visited Yoga clubs in Rasht city in 2021. For this purpose, 30 women who had a high score according to the Beck Anxiety Questionnaire (BAI) were selected as a purposive sampling and divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Then, Yoga exercises were performed for 8 ninety-minute sessions for the participants of the experimental group, and the control group did not receive any exercises during this period. Then the said questionnaire was again implemented on both groups. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis and SPSS27 software. The results showed that Yoga exercise was effective in reducing women's anxiety (p < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that counselors, psychologists and psychiatrists can use Yoga exercises to reduce women's anxiety.
Abnormal Psychology
Farshid Delaei Milan
Abstract
Online binge-watching is a common practice nowadays. It is defined as watching multiple episodes in one sitting. It may seem a new phenomenon, but the same mechanism happened to the Persian King and kept him listening to Scheherazade's stories for 1001 nights, which made him forgot about killing young ...
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Online binge-watching is a common practice nowadays. It is defined as watching multiple episodes in one sitting. It may seem a new phenomenon, but the same mechanism happened to the Persian King and kept him listening to Scheherazade's stories for 1001 nights, which made him forgot about killing young virgin girls and also delayed his bedtime. This study aims to investigate the relationships between these variables in Iranian college students in Ghazvin with a sample of 133 people between the ages of 19 and 25 using brief self-control scale (BSCS), bedtime procrastination scale (BPS), and binge-watching addiction questionnaire (BWAQ). The research indicates that there is a notable negative correlation between online binge-watching and self-control (r = -.443, p < .001). Also, a negative relationship between self-control and bedtime procrastination was found (r = -.360, p < .001). Further, a positive correlation between online binge-watching and bedtime procrastination was detected (r = .307, p < .001). The problematic binge-watching can be identified by the motives and cognitive processes underlying this phenomenon, such as narrative transportation. Ways to prevent mental illness caused by them and future research paths are discussed.
Abnormal Psychology
Fatemeh Haghbin; Fatemeh Pooragha
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on suicidal ideation, emotional self-regulation, and psychological flexibility in adolescents with suicidal ideation who were referred to a social emergency center. The research method was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest ...
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This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on suicidal ideation, emotional self-regulation, and psychological flexibility in adolescents with suicidal ideation who were referred to a social emergency center. The research method was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group. The population of the study included all adolescents with suicidal ideation who visited the counseling center of the social emergency in Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh city in 2021. Thirty participants (15 in the control group and 15 in the experimental group) were selected from this population by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of group ACT, while the control group was put on a waiting list. Data were collected using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-2), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI). Data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the posttest mean scores of the reappraisal component of emotion regulation and suicidal ideation. However, there was no significant difference in the flexibility and suppression components of emotion regulation. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that psychologists and psychotherapists working in social emergency centers or with adolescents use the results of this study to improve emotion regulation and reduce suicidal ideation in their adolescent clients
Abnormal Psychology
Tayebeh Baniasadi
Abstract
Motor learning studies on adults have shown that directing the learners’ attention to external cues is more effectual than internal cues. In this study, we investigated if this could be applied to children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). 45 boys with developmental coordination disorder ...
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Motor learning studies on adults have shown that directing the learners’ attention to external cues is more effectual than internal cues. In this study, we investigated if this could be applied to children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). 45 boys with developmental coordination disorder were selected using motor observation questionnaire for teachers. The task was static balance test that was measured in two experimental conditions including internal (focus on body limb) and external (focus on rex marker) focus of attention. For data analysis, ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc were used at the significant level of P < 0.05. Results showed that external focus could improve motor learning. However, there was no significant difference between internal focus and control groups. Thus children with DCD benefit from the external focus of attention to learning a static balance skill. According to the results of this study, therapists and coaches should adjust their rehabilitation methods and instructions based on external focus of attention.
Abnormal Psychology
Ghazal Sadat Pournesaei; Fatemeh Pooragha Rodbardeh; Fateme Rabiei
Abstract
The purpose of the current research was the effectiveness of Cognitive hypnotherapy in reducing the anxiety of women with generalized anxiety disorder. This research was quasi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study included ...
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The purpose of the current research was the effectiveness of Cognitive hypnotherapy in reducing the anxiety of women with generalized anxiety disorder. This research was quasi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study included all women with generalized anxiety disorder who had referred to four counseling centers in Bandar Anzali city. For this purpose, 30 women diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and control (15 people) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Short Scale was administered to both groups and Cognitive hypnotherapy was performed for 2 months during 8 one-hour training sessions, individually for the subjects of the experimental group, and the control group did not receive treatment. Then the said questionnaire was again implemented on both groups. The data were analyzed using the covariance statistical method. The findings showed that Cognitive hypnotherapy was effective in reducing the anxiety of women with generalized anxiety disorder. Therefore, it can be concluded that psychologists and psychiatrists can use Cognitive hypnotherapy to reduce the anxiety of women with generalized anxiety disorder.
Abnormal Psychology
Mir Hamid Salehian; Roya Hosseinzadeh Peyghan; Forough ShafaeianFard; Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad
Abstract
The effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor learning in individuals with ADHD received very little attention. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor performance and learning dart-throwing in adolescents with ADHD. ...
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The effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor learning in individuals with ADHD received very little attention. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of motor imagery and physical practice on motor performance and learning dart-throwing in adolescents with ADHD. The current research was based on a causal-comparative approach. The participants included 60 adolescents with ADHD (with the age range of 12 to 17 years) randomly and equally assigned into four groups: 1) motor imagery, 2) physical practice, 3) combination of motor imagery and physical practice, and 4) control. The motor task involved dart-throwing, in which the accurate throw score was measured as the dependent variable. The participants performed the pre-test (ten throws) and the retention test (ten throws). ANOVA was run to analyze the throwing accuracy. Results showed that all groups had similar throwing scores in the pretest, however, in the retention test, the results indicated that combination group had significantly better throwing scores than all other groups (in all groups, P=0.000). In addition, physical practice group had significantly better throwing scores than motor imagery and control groups (both P=0.000). Finally, motor imagery group had significantly better throwing scores than control group (P=0.000). Individuals with ADHD benefit from motor imagery, indicating that they have the necessary mechanisms to learn new skills through motor imagery. Moreover, a combination of motor imagery and physical practice would be a better strategy for learning new motor skills.
Social Psychology
Ghazal Sadat Pournesaei; Maryam Rostami
Abstract
The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of social skills training on the adaptive behavior of late learning children. This research was quasi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research included all the students of ...
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The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of social skills training on the adaptive behavior of late learning children. This research was quasi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research included all the students of Bandar Anzali city who studied in primary schools or referred to counseling centers of the city in the academic year of 1401-1400. For this purpose, 30 students who were diagnosed as late learners on the basis of the Wechsler IQ test and who had obtained a low score in Adaptive Behavior Scale (AISS) and clinical interviews with teachers, were selected and randomly selected. They were divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Then, social skills training was conducted for 2 months during 12 two-hour training sessions for the subjects of the experimental group and the control group did not receive any training. Then, the adaptive behavior test was performed again on both groups. The data were analyzed using the covariance statistical method. The results showed that social skills training improves the adaptive behavior of late learning children (F=0.389 and P<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that school teachers and counselors and parents can use social skills in schools and at home and counseling centers to improve the adaptation of late learning children.
Abnormal Psychology
Tayebeh Baniasadi
Abstract
The present study was designed to examine the effects of two kind of feedback presentation, namely KR and KP, on movement pattern and accuracy of a Badminton serve in children with autism. We used a causal-comparative method in the current study. Sixty children with autism with an age range of 7 to 12 ...
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The present study was designed to examine the effects of two kind of feedback presentation, namely KR and KP, on movement pattern and accuracy of a Badminton serve in children with autism. We used a causal-comparative method in the current study. Sixty children with autism with an age range of 7 to 12 years from special schools were selected based on a convenience sampling method and were randomly and equally assigned into four groups including KR, KP, KR+KP, and control groups. The motor task in the present study included the badminton serve, in which the movement patter and accuracy were measured as the dependent variable. The children participated in the pretest including 10 services, acquisition phase (5 training blocks, each of which included 10 services), and the retention test with 10 services. Respective feedback was provided before each practice block. We used ANOVA to analyze data. The results showed that both KR and KP feedback improve both the pattern and the accuracy of movement better than the condition without feedback. In addition, KP had better effects on the movement pattern and KR had better effects on the movement accuracy. Finally, children who were in the combination group performed better than all the groups in both execution of the movement pattern and service accuracy. Children with autism benefit from feedback to learn novel motor skills, indicating that they may have the necessary mechanisms to learn new skills through feedback.
Abnormal Psychology
Mojtaba Moradpour; Fatemeh Hajiarbabi; Zahra Badiei
Abstract
This research purposed to determine the effectiveness of filial therapy on the early maladaptive schemas of children with cancer. The research method is a quasi-experimental single-subject A-B-A type. The sample individuals were three children with cancer in the 8-13 age range along with their mothers, ...
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This research purposed to determine the effectiveness of filial therapy on the early maladaptive schemas of children with cancer. The research method is a quasi-experimental single-subject A-B-A type. The sample individuals were three children with cancer in the 8-13 age range along with their mothers, who were referred to Dr. Sheikh Hospital in Mashhad and were selected by purposive sampling method. The subjects were in the therapeutic process of filial therapy for 8 sessions individually. The Schema Inventory for Children (SIC), was administered to the sample individuals before and after the treatment. The clinical outcomes were compared before and after the intervention, and the obtained information was analyzed based on eye diagrams, effect size, and recovery rate. The results indicated that the treatment is effective in improving the early maladaptive schemas of children with cancer. The obtained effect size for the domains of abandonment, abuse, defectiveness, vulnerability, and unrelenting standards was 3.57, 6.81, 6.06, 5.34, and 3.30, respectively. According to the results of the research, it can be said that filial therapy is effective in the early maladaptive schemas of children with cancer and can be used clinically.
